i!

I

«

< ca

-\

_ XjOlIX^

Be

^ 5

3 RAR I ES~SMITHSONIAN_INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3 I d Vd 8 II LIB RAR I ESZSMITHSONIAN~INSTITUTIO||jl

= i«fc, s (if ^ii = gf ^ ? v^a. g fie «) 5 fir >A =

CO

x

33

CO

70

CO — CO ± CO ± CO

IfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3IHVd9ll LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfllllSNI NVIN0SH1IIMS S3ldVd9ll

Z CO 2 •, CO ^^ z CO 2

JRARIES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI_ NVINOSHHWs"^ I d Vd 9 H LI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

CO — ^___^ CO ^r-^~^ 2 X °° - ^ CO

CO

Z J Z _j 2 _j z

llfllllSNI NVINOSHlltMS S3ldVd9l"l LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfllllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVd9

CO \ 5 CO = CO ± co

3 R ARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVdail LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

..• CO Z CO 2 CO 2 ,,

•I CO ^ CO V Z CO 2 CO \ Z . <„

linillSNI NVIN0SH1IIMS S3ldVd9IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IIMS S3ldVd9IT

CO ^ CO z CO — _ CO

<

_ XOiu<£X o *- _| Z _J Z _l Z *v

3RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVINOSH1IINS S3ldVd9IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 2 r~ 2 r- , 2

i) t fee. J;) 5 v>m t fee. M 5 fee li) l MA--*

DD

«:■

CO E CO ± CO E CO

llfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVd9M LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVINOSHIIWS SBIdVdan 2 co 2 , co 2 » co 2 co

CO Z CO 2 CO '" Z CO

3RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI_NVINOSHllWS S3ldVd9IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION]1 co — co z ■•» co ^-r~~^ 5 co —

<

linillSNI^NVINOSHll^S SSIdVdgn^LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI^NVINOSHlltMS S3IMVdan'l

z r 2r-2 ^ ^ C

a

co * 5 co ± co ^ co

3RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVd9H LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION co z ''u,,u^co z ^ ^ co z . co z

° WkN co r<j?,jffiF ^ d^, 31) co /y,,£sr

1

co

1\ co Pfc

(/

1 w 1

0 -si^VD^ — NiSio^ O NX I! N^ui^i>' O ^i^ioc^ — <^ q

lillllSNI^NVINOSHHWS S3 lavyail^LIBRARI ESZSMITHS0NIAN~,|NSTITUTI0N:2N0lini!lSNl"JNiVIN0SHllWS:2:S3 I dVd 9 I z [^ z r- z |- , z

\ FR I ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI "NVINOSHillMS^SS I d Vd 9 II ~LI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN^NSTITUTIOP

- Z » CO Z CO. 2. CO 2-

,llllSNI__NVIN0SHllWs"s3 I d Vd a II LI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION ^NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHlllMS^SS I d Vd 8 I

^ CO — CO ^ •-* CO

I FR I ES SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION^ NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHllWS^SS I d Vd 9 n^LI B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTIOr

— CO _ (/} \ Z CO _ to

fllllSNI NVIN0SH1IIAIS S3ldVd9l1 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN~INST!TUTlON NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVd9l f? ^-^r^ =- 5 ■*"■■ 55 Z v*. w z w

FvR I ES SMITHSONIAN_ INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWSWS3 I d Vd 8 wT Ll B R AR ' ES^SMITHSONIAN2 INSTITUTION

CO ._ CO — tf) — CO —

.flllSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3 I d Vd 811 LIBRARIES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION NOIinillSNl",NVINOSHlllftlSZS3ldVd9n [_ 2: r- 2 f~ z r~ , z

5^x oo J^ 2 /3£S&\ a /^J^&V 2 sM. m xT?£5qX 2 X^^^x m *k 2

•W X^sv^ m Xt^S^X co- ■'■ ~ N^^' w ^^^^

4/5 — co E CO — CO

!.\R I ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVd9ll LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION — .co z in z ■, w z

CO

> 2 X£vos*£^ >'

.UI1SNI_NVIN0SH1IWS^S3 I d Vd 9 ll^LI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION ^ NOIinillSNI ^NVINOSHilWS^ S3 I d Vd 9 11

co — co 2 \ t"

ARIES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION N0linillSNl"'NVIN0SHims:ZS3 I d Vd 9 II^LI B R AR I ES SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION

UJ

33

I1SNI NJVIN0SH1IIAIS S3 I d Vd 9 II L I B R A R I ES^SMITHSONIAN "INSTITUTION NOIinillSNrNVINOSHllWS^S 3 I dVd 9 II

.•r>^>"

$fci*s

:?/ C

lining c

BRAR I EF

BRAR I ES

DIlfllllSNI

JlinillSNI

BRAR I ES

5

3RAR IES

In

X CO

\ 1

EE

Nl

Nl

:s

Th e Ma n c h e s t e r Whitworth Institute

Catalogue of a Loan Collection of Mezzotints

By XVII. and XVIII.

Century Engravers

Printed & published for the Governors, 1910

iSuii?

-^U*.

^^^^m^^^tm^*****

/'

L*o>

?'jirrr^ .

V">J.l^.

llfllllSNI

^;

M

¥b

v.

£>^

THE MANCHESTER WHITWORTH INSTITUTE

Catalogue of a Loan Collection of Mezzotints

by XVII. and XVIII. Century Engravers,

'

Printed and published for the Governors

i 9 i o

^1*

BRAR I

DlinillS

4a

BRAR II

*«•

Diinius

BRAR IE

)i±nnj^

BRARIE

uniiiSN

/!■

w,

BRAR I ES

uniiisNi

3RAR I ES

Council and Officers

i 9 i o

President. Sir WILLIAM AGNEW, Bart.

Treasurer. JOHN D. MILNE, Esq.

Honorary Secretary. JOHN H. HOPKINSON, Esq.

Council.

Sir WILLIAM AGNEW, Bart. JAMES GRESHAM, Esq.

RUSSELL ALLEN, Esq. Rev. Canon E. L. HICKS.

E. J. BROADFIELD, Esq. JOHN H. HOPKINSON, Esq.

WALTER BUTTERWORTH, Esq. T. C. HORSFALL, Esq.

NEVILLE CLEGG, Esq. JOHN D. MILNE, Esq.

Sir EDWARD DONNER, Bart. HENRY PLUMMER, Esq.

FREDK. WM. FOLLOWS, Esq. HANS RENOLD, Esq.

FRANCIS GODLEE, Esq. Dr. D. LLOYD ROBERTS.

FRANCIS F. GRAFTON, Esq. FREDK. SMALLMAN, Esq.

HENRY P. GREG, Esq. PERCY S. WORTHINGTON, Esq.

Mezzotint Exhibition Sub-Committee. E. H. GREG, Esq. JOHN D. MILNE, Esq.

J. H. HOPKINSON, Esq. Dr. D. LLOYD ROBERTS.

FRANK FALKNER, Esq. (co-opted).

Curator. ROBERT BATEMAN.

Clerk to the Governors. EDWIN W. MARSHALL, 38, Barton Arcade, Manchester.

BRAR

to

iiniu

fit

BRAR I

^v-

uniii'

BRAR I

IN

c

V

iinius

BRARII

uniiisi

■- /■

3RARI E

iiniusr

3RAR IE

«

INTRODUCTION

The intention of the Council in arranging the present exhibition of mezzotints has been to set forth a selection of prints showing, in accordance with available space, examples of the art from its discovery in 1642 to its development at about the end of the eighteenth century, and it is hoped possibly on some future occasion that a further exhibition of this charming reproductive process may be held, covering the time from the end of the period now represented down to the present day.

There is somewhat of a romance surrounding the invention of mezzotinting in that von Siegen, an officer in the service of William, the young Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, after having developed the discovery in 1642, kept it a profound secret for about twelve years.

The first plate he engraved was that of the portrait of the Landgrave's regent mother, the Landgravine Amelia Elizabeth, and there is existent the letter sent with impressions from this plate to the young Landgrave, wherein he mentions the discovery of his method. The following is an extract from the letter, dated -|-§ August, 1642 (and is written from Amsterdam, where he had located himself, having, it is surmised, left the service of the Landgrave), and in which year he had completed this plate : —

" But as I have discovered an entirely new and surprising invention, " the like of which has never been seen, I am at present only able to " send you a few proofs, because from the copper on which the portrait " is engraved, only a few prints can be made because of the delicacy of "the work."

During the years 1642-3 von Siegen engraved two other large plates of William III., Prince of Orange, and his wife.

After having kept his secret until 1654, von Siegen was in that year at Cologne, where he engraved his plate of " Saint Bruno kneeling in a Grotto." From thence in the same year he went to Brussels, where he met the distinguished soldier and amateur artist, Prince Rupert, nephew of Charles I., who had received his education in Holland, and confided to him the process in all its details. So attracted was the Prince by the wonderful invention, that he mastered the technical difficulties, and when at Frankfort in 1658 completed his truly magnificent plate taken from Spagnoletto's picture of the Executioner, with drawn sword, holding aloft the head of John the Baptist. This plate, known as " The Great Executioner," to distinguish it from a smaller replica plate of the executioner's head only, engraved by the same artist, though dissimilar in its ground work from the developed style of the later engravers, is a very large plate (No. 2), and a superb production full of vigorous artistic merit.

After returning to England, Prince Rupert explained the method of mezzotinting to John Evelyn, who in 1662 in his book upon engraving, entitled " Sculptura " (2nded. 1755, reprint 1906), set forth, for the first time, in English, a brief account of the process, adopting as a frontis- piece the plate known as " The Little Executioner " (No. 3), kindly accorded to him by Prince Rupert for this purpose ; another fine produc- tion of the amateur Prince Rupert is the plate of "The Standard Bearer."

..5.-

Baron von Furstenberg and Jan Thomas, of Yprez, were, in these early days, also initiated into the mysteries of the mezzotint method of engraving, and Wallerant Vaillant, an artist friend of Prince Rupert, acquired the method before its introduction into England.

Having been brought to London, mezzotinting soon became estab- lished, and within about twenty years of its discovery, the title of la maniere anglaise was at that time generally adopted.

William Sherwin (1669-1714) was the first English exponent, and his plate of Charles II., dated 1669 (No 18), is the earliest dated plate mezzotinted in our country ; the engraver accordingly dedicated it to his teacher, Prince Rupert, who, relinquishing the art about that time and living at Wind?or, devoted his skill to scientific research, including hydraulics and the preparation of gunpowder.

It may be observed that the ground-work of these early plates would appear to have been partially engraved in line or rouletted ; more- over, in certain details, such as the lacework, line engraving has been adopted for accentuating the finest effects. This is only natural, as the tradition of the earlier method was not altogether to disappear immediately.

Francis Place (1647-1728) was probably in point of time the next English engraver, though his plates were not dated ; he was shortly followed by Henri Gascar (1635-1701), who was born in Paris ; then came Abraham Blooteling (brought to this country in 1673 by David Loggan), to whom must be credited a marked development in the laying of the ground of his plates. He produced the magnificent and almost life-size portrait plate of the Duke of Monmouth after Lely (No 10), this plate surpassing anything that had been done in mezzotint hitherto, and is characterised by considerable richness of velvety tones.

At this period Richard Thompson and Alexander Browne flourished, the latter in 1669 publishing his work " Ars Pictoria," in which he describes the " Manner or Way of Mezzotinto," and wherein he advises those who desire to learn the art and to acquire the tools, to make appli- cation to him. Much doubt has always existed as to whether these men were engravers as well as publishers, as it is known that they employed Van Somer, and possibly Vandervaart, Valck, and Verkolje to engrave some of their plates.

In 1650 Edward Luttrell, born in Dublin, from whence a renowned school emanated, to be referred to later, induced Isaac Beckett to take up the art, which he did with a success that has established his fame, and he engraved over one hundred portraits.

A contemporary of Beckett was R. Williams, who from 1680 to about 1700. reproduced portraits by Lely, Kneller, and Dahl — and as being of this period Robert White (1645-1704) claims place — thus did the art become firmly established in England.

During the reigns of Anne, George I., and George II., 1700 to 1750, there was developed a most notable school of mezzotint engravers, and foremost was John Smith, b. 1652, the favourite interpreter of Kneller, from whose paintings he engraved 138 plates. He received ample patronage, and Kneller did him the honour of painting his portrait.

John Simon, b. 1675, was considered almost the rival of John Smith, working like him under the personal guidance of Kneller ; and George White, the son of Robert White, who adopted the method of etching his subject in outline before laying the mezzotint ground, worked between 1 7 14 and 1731. John Faber, sen., took up the art in 1707, and was followed by his more gifted son, John Faber, jun., a most industrious man, who produced about 500 plates.

..6.

In 1726 Peter Pelham carried the art to America, where he engraved his plate of the " Rev. Cotton Mather."

Then arose the school of the Dublin Masters, the earliest of whom were Thomas Beard, John Brooks, and Andrew Miller. Through them and their successors the art returned to London, and advanced to a high state of perfection under the Reynolds school of portraiture, achieving results never before anticipated. More particularly to the influence of Brooks are we indebted for the work of the great Irish masters — MacArdell, Houston, Spooner, and Purcell — through whose interpretation the portraiture of that great period was made both popular and permanent. With so much sympathetic fidelity did MacArdell render the individuality of the painter that Sir Joshua is recorded to have said that when his pictures had faded away his fame would be preserved by the scholarly interpretive work of this mezzotinter, who, alas, died in his 37th year.

During the whole of the Eighteenth Century the production of plates of the highest quality was extremely prolific, and in the Reynolds and Romney period particularly the genius of the portrait painters and the mezzotinters most fortunately synchronised again ; indeed, many of the latter were gifted artists, and the following names may be cited of those whose reputation has been held in the highest esteem by all who have appreciated the work of sincere and assiduous men of genius devoted to their art, viz. : Valentine Green, with his fine velvety grounds, Thomas Watson, John Raphael Smith, John Dean, Richard Earlom, J. Finlayson, W. Dickinson, William and James Ward, and others whose work is worthily represented in this exhibition.

In so limited a space it has only been possible to refer briefly to a certain number of the masters of mezzotint,.and those who may be stimu- lated by the exhibition to still further interest should consult the works of the writers upon the subject, one of whom, the late Mr. Alfred Whitman, of the Print Department of the British Museum, has only recently been taken from us, to the great loss of all students, who were ever welcomed by him with his store of knowledge, so courteously placed at their disposal.

The technical features of mezzotinting have been clearly set forth in the opening chapter of Mr. Whitman's " Masters of Mezzotint." Until about 1640 all metal engraving was the result of lines or dots, either cut into the plate by the graver or the lozenge-shaped tool of the line engraver, scratched by the etching needle, or bitten by acid. The engraver hitherto had begun his work upon a perfectly smooth plate, his purpose being to place upon the metal by means of lines or dots the picture he required, making his lines wide and deep for the parts he intended to appear dark and full upon the printed impression.

In mezzotint engraving, however, the process is the reverse ; instead of beginning his subject upon a highly polished surface his copperplate has previously been completely roughened, the entire surface having been most carefully and evenly ploughed over ; in other words he has layed his " ground " thereon.

In this grounding lies the discovery made by the inventor, and improved by Blooteling, and a careful study of the impressions or prints of the various engravers will demonstrate the subtle and different characteristics of the artists who developed this important reproductive process so pre-eminently suited to portraiture.

The grounding is performed by an instrument called a " cradle " or " rocker," each stroke of which gives a dotted line, varying from about i£ inches to if inches in length. The plate is divided equally by parallel lines and traced out with very soft chalk. The cradle is

o

then placed exactly between the first two lines, and is passed forward in the same direction with them, being rocked from side to side, the process being continued till every part of the plate between the lines is covered with a burr. This is repeated with respect to all the other lines till the instrument has passed over every part of the plate.

The same operation is then performed at right angles to the first series, then diagonally, and then again and again at different angles until the plate has been evenly rocked over in some sixty to a hundred different directions ; after this a rich even burr will cover the plate, which if printed from would yield a perfectly deep black impression.

The plate is now ready to receive the design, usually traced thereon with chalk, and the real pictorial work of the engraver begins.

The tools he uses are called " scrapers " and " burnishers." and by these means he scrapes away the burr and burnishes those parts where the high lights are to occur, and scraping away rather less for the next highest lights ; so continuing, he removes more or less of the roughened surface of the plate as the subject may require for its varying gradations of light and shade, leaving almost untouched the parts of the plate where the deepest shadows are desired. He also uses the roulette, a small wheel set into a handle, this is for re-grounding portions of the plate where the burr may have been scraped away too much, and for strengthening shadows.

It may be gathered from this brief description that in the method of mezzotinting there is absolutely nothing of the nature of a hard line, all is soft, refined, and rich toning, thus rendering re-touching by lines both harsh and objectionable. Plates when worn have been occasionally re-grounded, but this by careful comparison with earlier impressions is often quite discernible.

This in general terms is the process of mezzotint engraving, described in all its details in the books of T. H. Fielding, " The Art of Engraving " (1854) ; Herkomer, " Etching and Mezzotint Engraving *' (1892) ; and John Chaloner Smith in his wonderful work of reference. " British Mezzotint Portraits " (1878-18S3).

As in all other cults, there are pitfalls for the collector of these prints, to be minimised by thoughtful experience and study and the sound advice of the reliable dealing fraternity.

With regard to the preservation of mezzotints from mildew, &c, there is much to be said in favour of keeping them so that occasionally they can be aired ; they should be well protected with thickish mounts to prevent nibbing, never laid down nor trimmed, and framed only when necessary, and then always to show the plate mark.

As in the case of grapes grown for show, when once the original bloom of the mezzotint has been removed, much of the joy and value are gone for ever, and no doubt the basis of the reason why margins add so much to their value is the fact that margins certainly conduce to protection.

The Council desire to record their grateful appreciation of the generous response so cheerfully accorded by all those who have placed on loan the treasures of their cabinets and their walls.

So far as the exigencies of space have permitted, the prints have been chronologically arranged ; in some instances, however, this lias not been possible to be maintained.

Frank Falkner.

.-.

..8.

Index of Lenders

Agnew, C. Gerald, Esq. — 238, 279.

Agnbw, G. W., Esq., M.P. — 109, 163, 187, 189, 224, 235, 289.

Agnew, Harold, Esq. — 72, 73, 86, 136, 152, 283. *Agnew, Messrs. T., & Son — 142, 191, 264.

* Agnew, Sir W., Bart. — 77, 79, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 97, 105-108, no, 112, 116-118 ; 122, 124-127, 130, 132, 145, 147-149, 164, 174, 180, 181, 193, 194, 196, 203-205, 215, 220, 225-229, 236, 237, 239, 243, 254, 256, 259, 262, 263, 268.

Allex, Russell, Esq. — 74, in, 123a, 183, 207.

Anonymous — 85b.

Arox, Ludwig, Esq. — 94.

Batemax, R, Esq. — 27.

Behrexs, W. L., Esq. — 49, 99, 133, 171, 249.

Bellhouse, Walter, Esq. — 144, 151. *Bles, Joseph, Esq. — 12, 13, 61, 275, 276.

Bles, Marccs S., Esq. — 45, 46.

Bles, S. W., Esq. — 53.

Boltox, J. J., Esq.— 135, 177, 222, 270, 277. *Devoxshire. His Grace The Duke of. — 2. *Falkxer, Frank, Esq. — 20, 23-26, 35, 39, 63, 85a, 164a, 208.

Gilbertsox, Rev. Lewis — 10.

Gillies, Malcolm, Esq. — 22, 102, 269.

Greg, E. H., Esq. — 153, 154, 159, 160a.

Greg, Mrs. H. R — 88, 128, 184, 288.

Greg, T. T., Esq.— 33, 38, 48, 68, 69, 113, 123, 242, 290. ♦Grundy, J. W-, Esq. — 78, 81, 82, 85, 98, 140, 143, 176, 185, 210, 219, 240, 241, 245, 248, 250, 251.

Heape, Herbert, Esq. — 162.

Hopkixsox, Charles, Esq. — 89, 103, 232.

*Horxe, Percy EL, Esq. — 1-8, 14-19, 28, 31, 34, 37, 39a, 54, 55, 57, 161, 216, 252, 255, 261, 267.

Levy, Eliot, Esq. — 170.

♦MANCHESTER WHITWORTH IxSTITUTE 92, 212.

*Milxe, J. D., Esq. — 87, 138, 146, 160.

Pascoe, R M., Esq. — 115a.

Payne, Arthur, Esq. — 65, 131.

Potter, E. P., Esq. — 201. *Reiss, Friiz, Esq. — 30, 41-44, 47, 51, 52, 62, 67, 71, 141, 172. 182, 217, 218,

233, 2';?, 260. 278.

♦Roberts, Dr. Lloyd — 21, 29, 40. 50, 56, 58, 59, 60, 66, 70, 76, 80, 83, 84, 100, 101, 114, 115, 1 19-121, 129, 132a, 134, 139, 150, 155, 157, 158, 165-169, I73< x75. l7%< l8<5. 187a, 188, 190, 192, 195, i97-20oa, 202, 206, 209, 211, 213, 214. 221, 22}, 230, 231, 233, 234, 244, 246, 247, 274, 285, 286, 287.

*Sa.bix, F. T., Esq. — 11, 12, 36, 75, 104, 156, 271.

*SlDEBOTHAM. Dr. — 9, 2^7, 267, 266, 272, 273, 280, 284.

T se marked * have kindly consented to the reproduction of Ike plates whit h appear in the Catalogue.

<if>ui-

BRA

3*o7

iiinii

BRAR

^0 V,

uinii.

BRAR

niniii

NOTES

The following are the principal works consulted in the compilation of the catalogue.

J. CHALON ER SMITH.—- British Mezzotint Portraits Described. 4 Parts.

1878-1883. SIDNEY LEE. — The Dictionary of National Biography. Epitome. 1903. JULIA FRANKAU.— William Ward, James Ward : Their Lives and

Works. 1904. JULIA FRANKAU.— John Raphael Smith 1 His Life and Works. 1902. GORDON GOODWIN.— James MacArdell. 1903. GORDON GOODWIN.— Thomas Watson, James Watson, Elizabeth

Judkins. 1904. C. REGINALD GRUNDY.— James Ward, R.A. 1909. ALFRED WHITMAN.— The Masters of Mezzotint. 1898. ALFRED WHITMAN.— Valentine Green. 1902.

uniiis

RAR I E

i

iiniiu

Kir '

11^;

The titles of the engravings are copied from the first titled states of the prints and arc complete, excepting where " &c." is used because of excessively long description. Where a title is enclosed in [ ] there is no stale of that print with the engraved title.

["he dates given within ( ) are copied from the publication lines of the engravings.

Scratched letter state (First Stale C.S. [5J) denotes the state according

to the list of J. Chaloner Smith, the number in [ J is the number of states

of that plate which he records.

R. Bateman.

Copies of this Catalogue may be purchased at the following prices: — Ordinary copy (with 6 illustrations), 6d., by post 8d. Large Paper copy (with -'4 illustrations), 5s., by post 5s. 6d. On application to the Curator.

.11- Of .aaaaH lu aruvfrabnfeJ

Landgravine of Hesse, 1642.

, T

uniii

>•.. .y

iinius

1 Landgravine of Hesse, 1642.

RAR I E

Amelia EusAwrHA,D.G.HAMia. Landgrave*.

nmiJAA- coMITISSA HANOVIA MVNTZXNB : ■

IBRA

)iini Vv

BRAF

Dunn

<^i

BRAR

^

\

)iinn.

3RAR

iiiniu

uniii'

RAR

,

\

CATALOGUE

LUDWIG VON SIEGEN (b. 1609, d. circa 1680)

Was born in Holland 1609, subsequently entered the service of William VI., and served in Hesse under the Landgravine. The young Landgrave of Hesse is believed to have been under the care and tuition of von Siegen. Family affairs caused von Siegen to settle at Amsterdam, where his experiments came to fruition in 1642, when he sent to his young pupil the first mezzotint, produced however, not by the rocker or cradle, but by the roulette. He kept secret for many years his method of working, imparting it in 1654 to Prince Rupert, after which time the process was prac- tised by Continental engravers, and ultimately was developed and almost monopolised by British engravers. He produced other plates, and died after 1676.

1 — Amelia Elisabetha, D.G., Hassice Landgravia, etc., etc. (1642)

Second State (not named, C.S. [2]) She married William, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, in 1619, and from 1637-1650, during the minority of her son, was Acting-Regent, and governed with remarkable courage and intelligence. She died 165 1.

This plate is the first mezzotint engraved. The British Museum contains three states of it — the first with date line to the right and before lacing on front of dress, the second has lacing introduced and date line in centre, the third being the same except that the date has an additional engraved figure, instead of, as usual, it being added in ink, making the date 1643.

PRINCE RUPERT (b. 1619, d. 1682)

The versatile son of Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, and grandson of James L, was born at Prague. In addition to being an eminent soldier, during the reign of his uncle, Charles I., and his cousin, Charles II., he was much devoted to artistic pursuits, among them being mezzotint engraving, which for a long time he was believed to have invented. He probably met the inventor, von Siegen, at Brussels, in 1654, an(l then ascertained the secret process, and quickly recognised its importance and value. Four years later, at Frankfort, he produced his masterpiece, " The Great Executioner," subsequently followed by a few other plates. He is buried in Henry Vllth's Chapel, Westminster.

2— [The Great Executioner] (1658) Spagnoletto

State with full inscription on moulding at the bottom (Second State, C.S. [2]) Represents the executioner holding the head of John the Baptist, signed R. P. F., 1658. Called ." great " to distinguish it from the smaller plate of the head only. (No. 3.)

3 — [The Head of Executioner) (and copy) Spagnoletto

First Slate (Only State, C.S. [1]) Engraved by Rupert for and published in " Sculptura," 1O62, a book giving the earliest known printed description of the process of mezzotinting, written by John Evelyn, the diarist.

Several copies have been made, including this by Houston, for the 2nd edition of "Sculptura," 1755.

4— Bu8t of Lady (First Stale, C.S. No. 12 [1])

. .11..

BRA

/s^

mm 4*

/ RAF

unii

JAN THOMAS (b. 1617, d. 1672)

Was a native of Ypres, in Flanders, and a pupil of Rubens. He practised painting at Metz and Vienna, and was Court painter to the Emperor Leopold I. He was probably initiated into the secrets of mezzotinting by von Siegen or Prince Rupert at Frankfort in 1658.

Serenissmo Potentmo Invictissoq Principi ac Domino D. Leopoldol., &c. (1659)

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [i]) The son of Ferdinand III., was born 1640, and reigned from 1658 to 1705.

-Achilles [and Cupid], &c. (1659) Sir Anthony Vandyck

Lettered Stale (Only Stale, C.S. [1])

The original painting (the reverse way) was exhibited at Burlington House, 1880, and called " Herminia putting on Clorinda's Armour," and probably represents Mary Ruthven, wife of Vandyck.

CO/7—

BRAR X v

WALLERANT VAILLANT (b. 1623, d. 1677)

Was born at Lille, the eldest of five artist brothers. He became a painter and etcher, probably met Prince Rupert at Frankfort in 1658, entered his service to assist him in his artistic pursuits, and came to England ; practised mezzotinting, becoming the first professional worker in this method, and helping to perfect the technique of the art. He died at Amsterdam.

7 — Illustrissimus Serenissimus Princeps Rupertus, &c.

Lettered State Probably one of Vaillant's earliest plates.

8 — Mrs. Vaillant and Children

State, with Engraver's name to left.

' ■■■.

/"•OS" \£.

m

ABRAHAM BLOOTELING (b. 1634, d. 1695) Was born in Amsterdam in 1634, became a line engraver under Cornelius Visscher, and later a mezzotinter under Fiirstenberg. It is thought lie came to England through David Loggan (a portrait and architectural engraver) in 1673, remaining probably about three years, during which period he scraped many important portraits after Lely and Kneller. Altogether he produced upwards of 130 plates, which did much to popularise the art among engravers and artists. It is probable he invented the cradle or rocker whereby a closer and more even texture of ground was obtained, rendering possible a more finished and velvety effect to the plate.

9— Madonna (1676) 10 — James, Duke of Monmouth, &c.

Sir Anthony Vandyck Sir Peter Lely

Second Stale, Lettered (Only State, C.S. [i]) The illegitimate son of Charles II., born 1649, created Duke 16O3, when the relationship was acknowledged, married Ann Scott, Countess of Buccleuch ; served in the wars of Charles II., but on account of conspiracy was in disgrace and banished. After death of his father landed in England, headed a rebellion in the West, proclaimed King at Taunton in 1685, but defeated at Sedgemoor ; was executed in the Tower the same year by order of his uncle, James II.

Grainmont says that his face was extremely handsome and yet manly, neither inanimate nor effeminate. The writing attached is in the autograph of the Duke.

. .12..

2 The Great Executioner, 1658.

/

2 The Great Executioner, 1658.

V

IBR/

BRA

lllfll

mm

unii.

wr* S /■

RAR

inn.

RAR

NS

§^

\

M

I 1 The Duke of Monmouth.

U-\

z

iiniu

The Duke of Monmouth.

JuG ->H"I 1 I

\

^

BR.

«%*■

un.

^

BRA

ninj

BRA

\

uni

v^"»OS>'

unii

BRAR

feui^i

Minn

RAR

\

1 1 — [James, Duke of Monmouth]

Before Letters State (not named, C.S.) The reverse of the preceding and probably unique. Not known, though possibly from the same painting and by the same engraver as the preceding.

12 — Joan de Wit raet Pensionaris van Holland, &c. J. de Bane

Lettered State (not named, C.S.)

Born 1625, at Dort, son of Jacob de Witt. Was an active opponent of William II., Prince of Orange, and head of the Republican party, composed of the nobles and wealthier burgesses. As the Orange influence increased that of de Witt diminished, the populace becoming embittered against him, though he was a man of upright character and of marked ability. He was murdered, 1672.

1 3 — Cornelia de Wit ruward van den Lande van purtten, &c.

J. de Bane

Lettered State, without Engraver's name (not named, C.S.)

A Dutch statesman, born at Dort 1623, distinguished himself at Battle of Schiveringen 1652, subsequently accused of conspiracy against Williamll., and tortured. On his release from prison he was murdered, along with his brother John, by an infuriated mob, 1672.

14 — Catharina D. G. Magna? Britannia;, &c. Sir Peter Lely

State before Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Was born 1638. Her father became King of Portugal in 1640. Became Queen of Charles II. in 1662, who neglected her for his mistresses. Returned to Lisbon 1693. Appointed Regent for her brother Pedro 1704. Died 1705.

FRANCIS PLACE (b. 1647, d. 1728)

Was a native of Yorkshire, and trained for the law ; an amateur artist, drawing animals, still life, and portraits in crayon. One of the first Englishmen to practise mezzotint engraving, probably self-taught by studying examples by Blooteling, &c. Died at York.

1 5 — Nathaniel Crew, Episcopus Dunelmensis

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [2])

Son of John, 1st Baron Crew, born 1633. Bishop of Oxford 1671, and of Durham 1674 ; married Duke of York to Maria d'Este 1673 ; died 1722.

WILLIAM SHERWIN (b. before 1650, d. circa 1714)

Son of the Rector of Wallington, Herefordshire, was born at Wellington, Shropshire. He was a line engraver, and learnt mezzotinting from Prince Rupert, and was the first Englishman to practise the art. Probably his circumstances were affluent, for he married a grand-niece of General Monk, and between 1669 and his death produced but few plates.

1 6 — Elizabeth, Duchess of Albemarle

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

The eldest daughter and co-heir of Lord Ogle, who became Duke of Newcastle 1676. She married 2nd Duke of Albemarle before his accession, and sub- sequently Lord Montagu, who was created Duke of Montagu in 1705. She died 1738. It is said that pride of beauty, family, and wealth affected her intellect, and Lord Montagu obtained her only by pretending to be an emperor, and always had her served kneeling, as a sovereign.

..I3-.

BR

un

BR/

un.

1 7 — The Duchess of Cleveland

State before Letters (not named, C.S.)

Barbara, the daughter of William Villiers, 2nd Viscount Grandison, born 1641 ; married Roger Palmer 1659. A London beauty, and mistress of Charles II., having much influence with him. Created 1670 Duchess of Cleveland, being supplanted, resided in Paris for several years. Married Beau Feilding (No. 19) 1705 ; the same annulled 1707. She died 1709.

18 — Carolus Secundus D. G. Magna? Brittannise Francae et HiberniaeRex (1669)

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [1])

This portrait of Charles II. is the earliest dated mezzotint by an English engraver, and is dedicated to Prince Rupert.

He was born in London 1630, son of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria : took part in battles between the Cavaliers and the Roundheads ; proclaimed King in Edinburgh 1649, after the execution of his father ; defeated at Dunbar and routed at Worcester ; escaped to the Continent, where he remained during the Commonwealth. Proclaimed King in 1660 ; married Catherine of Braganza (No. 14) 1662. Was often in conflict with his Parliaments. Died 1685. Six of his illegitimate children were created Dukes, including the handsome and ill-fated Duke of Monmouth (Nos. 10, 11).

uni

ISAAC BECKETT (b. 1653, d. 1719)

Born in Kent, apprenticed to calico printing, learned mezzotinting through the Irish engraver, Edward Luttrell, in which art he acquired great skill, especially in facial delineation ; was superior to any of the foreign-bom mezzotinters working in England, his best work probably equalling that of Blooteling. He engraved about ioo portraits, many after Sir Godfrey Kneller ; also scriptural and other subjects.

19 — Robertus Feilding Aula? Feildingensis in Com Warwici Armigr William Wissing

State before Letters (not named, C.S. [i])

Son of John Feilding, of Solhill, Warwickshire, born about 165 1. Studied law, but better known for his extravagance in dress, for which he was usually called " Beau Feilding." Sat in Irish Parliament for Gowran 1689. Made a bigamous marriage with the Duchess of Cleveland 1705. (No. 17.) Was a rake and gambler, and a prominent figure in the gossip of the day. Died 1712.

20 — Mrs. Yarborough Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Henrietta Maria, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Yarborough, of Snaith Hall, Yorkshire ; Maid of Honour to Queens Catharine and Mary ; married Sir Marmaduke Wyvill. Died 1738.

JOHN SMITH (b. 1652, d. 1742)

The son of an engraver, was born at Daventry, and studied under Van der Vaart and Isaac Beckett. He was the ablest and most prolific worker in mezzotint of his time, and whilst residing with Kneller scraped about 140 plates after portraits by this artist, in all producing upwards of 300 portraits and subject pieces. He also carried on a large business as a print seller. He died at Northampton.

..14..

\

18. Charles II., 1669.

*&*

<»rtv

*\

>»■

*i"l\iS

18 Charles II- I669-

Magna; E « Francae «t

i in ii

4'

Am

unii.

RAR

Pddl ,11 HI

\

In

-Jew //„„„„, Ucet ,J,^„, u&ht di<faZ Ltuti^XpZ £J

.

BR

nin

'/■

BR/>

t>0

\0_

jun.

BRA

mm

IBRA

Minn

I

RAF

Hinn

RAR

21— Edward, Lord Hinchingbrooke Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State, before J. Smith, fee. {not named, C.S. [2])

Only son of 3rd Earl of Sandwich ; was M.P. for Huntingdon in last two Parliaments of Queen Anne ; died in the lifetime of his father, 1722. Lord Chesterfield spoke highly of his talents and accomplishments.

22— Tho. Tompion Automatopaeus Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [3J) Was born in Bedfordshire 1639 ; styled the father of English watchmaking made one of the first English watches with balance spring ; died 1713, buried in Westminster Abbey.

23— The Honble Mrs. Sherard Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [3])

Identity uncertain, but assuming date of print as 1699, she was probably Lucy, daughter of 2nd Lord Sherard, a liberal encourager of the fine arts. She married in 1712-3 John, 2nd Duke of Rutland, and died in 1751.

24— The Countess of Ranelagh Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Probably Margaret, daughter of the 3rd Earl of Salisbury ; was the 2nd wife of Richard Jones, only Earl of Ranelagh, out of whose Chelsea estate Ranelagh Gardens were formed. She was one of the Hampton Court beauties, and died in 1727.

25— Mrs. Conwai Hackett John Riley

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [3])

Probably the daughter of Sir Andrew Hackett, eldest son of John, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry.

26 — Madam D'Avenant Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Probably the wife of the political economist Charles, eldest son of Shakes- peare's godson, Sir William D'Avenant. The date of this print is about 1689.

GEORGE WHITE (b. circa 1671, d. 1732)

Was the son of Robert White, the line engraver ; he practised portraiture in oils, crayons, and pencil, and subsequently in mezzo- tint. He introduced etching of outline of subject before laying the mezzotint ground.

27 — Jean Baptiste Monoyer Peintre des Fleurs (1715)

Sir Godfrey Kneller

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Was born 1634, at Lille ; decorated the French royal palaces ; came to England 1678 ; painted panels at Hampton Court ; died 1699.

28 — Henry St. John, late Lord Viscount Bolingbroke

Thomas Murray

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Born 1678 ; son of Sir Henry St. John and grandson of Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick ; entered Parliament supporting the Tory party ; obtained official position in the government ; created Viscount Bolingbroke 1712 ; dismissed from office on accession of George I. ; impeached and name erased from Roll of Peers 1714 ; pardoned 1723; returning to London joined Walpole's party, which he later attacked ; died 1751. He was a friend of Swift and Pope. The word late probably refers to his having been struck off the Roll of Peers.

..IS-.

fflC

BR

un

f'.

BR,

29— [Thomas Symonds] John Vanderbank

Stale with altered publication address (Second State, C.S. [2]) Said to have been a surgeon who practised near Chelsea, and first cousin to Browne Willis, the antiquary.

30 — Mr. John Dryden Sir Godfrey Kneller

State before Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

Was born 163 1 ; a scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge ; wrote poems and dramas ; was appointed Poet Laureate in 1670 ; was buried in Westminster Abbey 1701.

inn

BR/J V

unj

BRA

Mini r)

3RAf

JOHN SIMON (b. 1675, d. circa 1755)

Said to be of an artistic family of Charenton, in France, and came to England as a Huguenot refugee. He produced about 200 portrait plates, was a rival of John Smith, and after the difference between Smith and Sir Godfrey Kneller, he was engaged by the artist to engrave in mezzotint upwards of forty portraits. His work is usually good, and shows artistic feeling.

31 — Mr. Cibber Guiseppe Grisoni

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [i]).

Colley, the son of Caius Gabrielle Cibber, was born in 1671. He joined the stage in 1690, was recognised as the leading actor for eccentric characters, produced about thirty dramatic pieces, was appointed Poet Laureate in 1730, and died in 1757. He is here represented as "Lord Foppington " in his own play, " The Careless Husband," attired in the fashionable dress of his day, in the act of taking a pinch of snuff.

32 — Mrs. Oldfield Decus et Deliciae Theatri

Jonathan Richardson

First State with verses (Second State, C.S. [4])

Was the daughter of a guardsman, and born 1683. Said to have been brought forward as an actress by Farquhar, who overheard her reading a play. She excelled in both tragedy and comedy ; became very popular. She was buried in Westminster Abbey in 1730.

JOHN FABER, Jun. (b. 1684, d. 1756) The son of a miniature painter and mezzotinter, whom he accom- panied from Holland in 1687. He excelled his father as a mezzo- tint engraver, became a rival of John Smith, under whose influence he is said to have come. He was a hard worker, and produced upwards of 400 portrait plates, including Kneller's " Kit Cat Club." His prints date from 1712 to 1756, many of them being published by himself.

Kit Cat Club Sir Godfrey Kneller

The complete volume of plates may be inspected on application to the attendant.

33 — The Rt. Honble. Mary Viscountes* Andover ( 1 746)

State before Letters with burr (not named, C.S. [i])

Was daughter of 2nd Earl of Aylesford ; born 1716; married William, son of 1 st Earl of Suffolk ; is frequently named in Mrs. Delany's Memoirs. She died 1803.

34 — The Honble. Lady Christian Moray of Abercairny

J. Davison

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [1]) C.S. says only four copies are known.

Daughter of the 9th Earl of Eglinton ; married James Moray, representative of a distinguished Perthshire family. She died 1748.

..16...

RAF

.ToddiO yallcO 1 £

31 Col ley Cibber,

^

4&U

31 Colley Cibber.

M

un

BR/

uin

br;

unj

uni

RAf

iinn

RAF

\

36 Cotton Mather, 1727.

1

36 Cotton Mather, 1727.

■ V~\\ /orllsM noJJoD dl

iLtatlS SugelXV, MDCCXXVH . P/,.y,

•tiywU* *f fnfutlia ,

II B I

\/f

BR

mr

nn

BR/

RA

unj

RA

PETER PELHAM (b. circa 1690, d. 1751)

Of note as probably the first worker in mezzotint in New England, whence he had emigrated after producing a number of portraits in London between 1720 and 1726. He settled in Boston and became the stepfather of J. S. Copley, R.A., whose son was the first Lord Lyndhurst.

35— Mrs. Priscilla Cooper Michael Dahl

Lettered State before alterations (First State, C.S. [2]) Probably the wife or daughter of Edward Cooper, a leading print-seller of London.

36— Cottonus Matherus, &c. (1727) Peter Pelham

Lettered State [First State, C.S. [2]) A Nonconformist divine, the son of Increase Mather ; born in Boston, New England, in 1663 ; was educated at Harvard ; became a minister in Boston ; published a remarkable book on witchcraft in 1693, and died 1728. This is believed to be the first mezzotint executed in America.

GEORGE LUMLEY (b. circa 1699, d. circa 1768) He was an amateur, practised as a solicitor at York ; he was a friend of Francis Place, and probably learned from him how to scrape a plate. Facts of his life are little known. He died about 1768.

37 — The Lady Mary Fenwick, Relict of Sir John Fenwick, Batt., of Northumberland Michael Dahl

Lettered State, only copy known (First State, C.S. [3]) Eldest daughter of Charles Howard (created Earl of Carlisle 1661). Sir John Fenwick, by an act of attainder, was beheaded in 1696 without trial, for conspiracy in favour of James II. Lady Mary made unavailing efforts to save his life. She died 1708, and is buried in York Minster.

ANDREW MILLER (b. d. 1763)

Was born in London, of Scottish parents, and is said to have been taught his art by Faber. He removed to Dublin, possibly on the invitation of Brooks, about 1740, where he engraved and published most of his plates. His death was accelerated by intemperance. His prints are very scarce.

38 — Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of Eng. Scot, and Ireland, and John Lambert, Lieutenant- General of his Forces Michael Ford

Lettered State before alteration of painter's address (First Slate, one known, C.S. [2])

Born 1599; matriculated Cambridge ; entered Parliament as member for Huntingdon 1628 ; took leading part in the conflict between the Commons and the King, and was a conspicuous general in the Civil War ; dissolved the Long Parliament 1652 ; installed as Protector 1653 ; died in 1658, and buried in Westminster Abbey, but disinterred in 1661 and hung on the gallows at Tyburn.

John Lambert was born 1619 ; became a commander in the Parlia- mentary Army, taking part in the battles of Dunbar and Worcester ; was a leading spirit of the Council which offered the post of Protector to Cromwell ; after the accession of Charles II. tried for high treason and condemned to death; imprisoned from 1664 till his death 1683.

The original painting is in the possession of the Greg family, long con- nected with Manchester.

..17..

IBF

llf

i

4

BR

)iir

39 — [Princess Sobieski] (1737) Francesco C. Trevisani

Lettered State (Only State. C.S. [i])

Maria Clementina, granddaughter of John, Duke of Poland; married 1719 James Stuart (the Old Pretender), son of James II., who neglected her. She was mother of Prince Charles Edward Stuart (the Young Pretender), and died

39a— George Frederick Handel (1749) Thomas Hudson

Lettered State (Only State, one known, C.S. [1])

Was born in Saxony in 1685 ; studied at Halle ; was in Italy about two years; came to England 17 10, and two years later finally settled here; composed operas and oratorios — the " Messiah," composed in twenty- three days, first heard at Dublin 1741. He died 1759, and is buried in Westminster Abbey.

J. SYMPSON (b. , d. )

Details of his life are not known. The plate was issued by him, and may be his work.

.*#

40 — Oliver Cromwell

Sir Peter Lely

Lettered State before alteration of publication address (First State, three known, C.S. [3])

See note to No. 38.

un

THOMAS FRYE (b. 1710, d. 1764)

Was born in Dublin, and became successively portrait painter, manufacturer of " Bow " china, and during the last two years of his life a mezzotinter. His style differed entirely from that of other engravers : he engraved life-size heads, many of them portraits secured by himself in a surreptitious manner at the theatre or other public places, and they show great beauty and skill in execution.

1D1

41— Portrait of a Man (1760) Thomas Frye

(Only State, C.S. No. 14 [1]) One of the series of life-sized heads, most of whom have not been identified.

42-[Thomas Frye] (1760)

(Only State, C.S. [i])

Thomas Frye.

43— Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Charlotte of Great Britain, &c. (1762) Thomas Frye

fettered State before BoydelFs address (First State, C.S. [2])

Charlotte Sophia, born 1744, 2nd daughter of the Duke of Mecklenburgh Sirelitz. married 1761. Companion plate to No. 141.

44_Portrait of a Lady (1762)

(Only State. C.S. [1]) note to No. 41.

Thomas Frye

..is..

JifiuJc! bi/aioaS bus nrio[ 2bioJ l-c

54 Lords John and Bernard Stuart

54 Lords John and Bernard Stuart

ON

■

Bl

llli

BR

"&U

BR

)iin

BR/

un.

RA

I

un.

g

IRA

JAMES MacARDELL (b. circa 1729, d. 1765)

Born in Dublin, he was associated with John Brooks and Andrew Miller, and came to London with the former and his fellow pupil Houston, in 1746. Of the illustrious group of Irishmen, he was the most reliable, and his talents attracted the notice of Sir Joshua Reynolds, of whose portraits MacArdell engraved 38, with so great success that the painter used the memorable words, " By this man I shall be immortalised." He also engraved about 25 plates after Hudson, the master of Sir Joshua. He died at the early age of 37, after producing nearly 200 plates by various artists, many of which are marked by fine technical qualities. He was buried at Hampstead.

45— Boy Spinning a Top (1756) Philip Mercier

State before Letters.

46— Girl with Cup and Ball (1756) Philip Mercier

State before Letters.

47 — Mr. Pine William Hogarth

State before Letters {not named), C.S. [3]

John Pine was born in 1690; practised as an engraver and print publisher in St. Martin's Lane ; became Bluemantle Pursuivant in the College of Arms 1743. He was a friend of Hogarth, who introduced him into his picture, the " Gate of Calais," as a fat friar. He died 1756.

48— [Mrs. Sandby] (1756) Francis Cotes, R.A.

State before Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Elizabeth Venables, 2nd wife of Thomas Sandby, R.A. She died 1782. There is, however, according to C.S., some doubt as to identity.

49— Jacob, son of the Honble. William Bouverie, &c. (1757)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered (second) State (First State, C.S. [1])

Grandson of 1st Viscount Folkestone ; succeeded in 1776 as 2nd Earl Radnor ; died 1828.

50— [Mrs. Bastard] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Letters (not named, C.S. [2])

Anne, daughter of Thomas Worsley, of Ovingham, Yorks. ; married William Bastard, of Kitley, Devon ; died 1765.

51 — Mr. Garrick in Hamlet (1754) Benjamin Wilson

Lettered State, touched proof (Only State, C.S. [1]) See note to No. 190 ; also Nos. 51, 77, 83.

52 — Mary Dutchess of Ancaster (1757) Thomas Hudson

Before Inscription, edge uncleaned, brilliant. (First State, C.S. [3])

See note to No. 149. Attired in a rich hooped satin gown, a masquerade costume she wore at Ranelagh, which is seen in the distance.

53 — Time clipping the Wings of Love Sir Anthony Vandyck

State before Inscription, in brown ink, probably second of three States.

54— Lord John and Lord Bernard Stuart, sons of Esme Duke of Lenox Sir Anthony Vandyck

First finished State before Inscription, brilliant (Second State, C.S. [4])

Sons of the 3rd Duke. They supported the cause of Charles I. Lord John on the left, was born 1621, and killed at the battle of Alresford 1644. Lord Bernard (born 1622), who had been created Earl of Lichfield, was slain at the battle of Rowton Heath 1645. Both are buried in Christ Church, Oxford.

..19- •

55— Rubens with his Wife and Child Sir Peter Paul Rubens

Before Inscription, edge uncleaned (First State, C.S. [2])

Was born at Siegen, Westphalia, in 1577, the son of a lawyer and alderman of Antwerp, where he studied under Verhaecht and van Noort, and sub- sequently in Italy. He came to England in 1630, was knighted by Charles I., and died in 1640, being buried in the Church of St. Jacques, Antwerp. The lady is his second wife, Helena Forman or Fourment, niece of his first wife, Isabella Brant.

56— Maria Countess of Waldegrave (1762)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before title (Second State, C.S. [3]) See note to No. 71.

57 — The Right Honourable Lady Mary Campbell, &c.

Allan Ramsay

Sta'e before Inscription, uncleaned edge. (First State, C.S. [2])

Youngest daughter of John Duke of Argyll and Greenwich; born 1726, married 1747 to Viscount Coke. She is said to have been treated with cruelty by her husband. Often alluded to by Mrs. Delaney and Walpole in their correspondence. He dedicated to her his " Castle of Otranto," and said " she might be happy and respected, but will always be miserable from the vanity of her views and her passion for the extraordinary." She is pictured with the theorbo or base lute, but " as she had no ear for music her acquaintances suffered terribly from her performances." She died in 181 1. She is referred to in the "Biography of Thomas William Coke, of Holkham, 1st. Earl of Leicester.

58 — Lady Fenoulet Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Letters edge uncleaned (Second State, C.S. [4]). Probably the second State described by C.S., " ivith names erased to counterfeit proof," of which, however, in this copy there is no evidence.

Anne or Nancy Day was born of humble parentage, near Plymouth. Through Lord Edgecumbe she came to London, and after May, 1761, became the 2nd wife of Peter Fenoulet, who was knighted that year. They separated, and she lived in Calais with her two daughters.

59 — Charles Saunders, Esqr. Vice Adml. of the Blue Squadron,

&c. Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Inscription, edge uncleaned (First State, C.S. [4])

Born about 17 13, served in the Navy under Anson and Hawke, M.P. for Plymouth; led the fleet and co-operated with General Wolfe in capture of Quebec. Died in 1775, and interred in Westminster Abbey.

60 — [Frances Anne Greville and Brother] (1762)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Slate before Inscription (First State, C.S. [2])

Only daughter of Fulke Greville, of Wilbury, Wilts. ; married 1766 John Crew, Cheshire, created Baron Crewe in 1806. She was a well-known society leader, and an active partisan on the side of Burke, Fox, and Sheridan, a favourite toast being "Buff and blue and Mrs. Crewe." She died 1818. She had six brothers, this is probably William, who entered the navy, and died 1837. (No. 184.)

61 — Ghismonda weeping over the Heart of Guiscardo

Antonio A. da Correggio

(Seco)td Stale before Inscription [2]) . . 20 . .

iHirwoogiV

57 Viscountess Coke.

M

57 Viscountess Coke.

ourable Lady Ma

'les Sai

uni

ida weeping over the H<

RA.

iV ^

■

IB

Dll

4

4

BR

IK

BR

)iir

BR

nn

4.

un

RA

■

62— Lady Grammont Sir Peter Lely

Stale before Inscription (First State, C.S. [3])

One of the fourteen famous " Windsor Beauties " ; was a granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Abercorn ; born in 1641. In 1663 she married Philibert, Comte de Grammont. Her brother, in his memoirs of her husband, speaks of her beauty and intelligence, and Lely, who never wearied of painting her portrait, declared it to be his best work. She died in 1708. Probably here pictured as St. Catherine.

63— Lady Middelton Sir Peter Lely

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [2]) Four states are known; this is the third.

Mrs. Jane Myddelton, born 1645, daughter of Sir Robert Needham; married in 1660 Charles Myddelton, of Ruabon. A famous court beauty and of some literary attainment. Evelyn told Pepys that " in painting, the beautiful Mrs. Myddelton is rare." Probably represented as Pomona.

RICHARD HOUSTON (b. 1722, d. 1775)

A fellow pupil with MacArdell, under Brookes ; was born in Dublin, and coming to London about 1746, found scope for his natural gifts. He produced about 160 plates, many of delicate and refined quality, others bold and vigorous, after Reynolds, Zoffany, Hoare, &c, and subject plates after Rembrandt. Intemperance restricted his labour, and made him dependent upon the print publishers of his time.

The copied Rupert's head of the " Executioner" in 1755, for the 2nd ed. of "Sculptura " (No. 3).

65— [Miss Harriet Powell] (1771) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2])

Actress and singer, in the character of Leonora in the opera " Padlock." She married Kenneth Mackenzie, who was created successively Viscount Fortrose, and in 1771 Earl of Seaforth.

66 — Caroline Dutchess of Marlborough, with Lady Caroline Spencer, her Daughter (1769)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2])

Born in 1743, the only daughter of 4th Duke of Bedford ; one of the train bearers at Queen Charlotte's coronation ; married 3rd Duke of Marlborough in 1762, and died at Blenheim 181 1. Her daughter was born in 1763, and married in 1792 the 2nd Viscount Clifden. She died at Blenheim 1813. James Watson engraved a similar print (No. 126).

67 — [The Syndics] (1775) Rembrandt

Scratched Letters State before Title, date 1774 (not named, C.S. [2]) Five Burgomasters and an attendant.

68— Night— [Times of the Day] (1758) Philip Mercier

Stale before any Letters (not named, C.S. [1])

69— Afternoon— [Times of the Day] (1758) Philip Mercier

State before any Letters (not named, C.S.) A state described by C.S. is similar, but has a table on right with the other glove and a fan.

)ll

BR

llf

BR

,,„m Caroline Read

70— Miss Beatson (1770)

Scratched Letters State (not named, C.S. \_i\) H*». only daughter", ^^gS^SAS^tJAm

State &s/<^ «»y I-««e« (Ftr* State, C.S. [3]) Bom I739. 2nd megiUmate daughter -of »S™SX25?$&£2E£

Walpole; married in 1759 • James. Three vearelater she married William,

was the eldest of her three daughters (Nos. 56, no).

_. . . rn Rembrandt

72-[Woman Plucking Fowl]

State fre/ore «»y Le«w (owZy State, o.i. L2J'

ir .r i M7U7^ Rembrandt

73— [Man with a Knife] (1757)

State be/ore Letters (First State, C.S. L3J) (j

This print has been called the " Assassin » and « Rembrandt s Cook.

11 xr

BR

un

un.

I

EDWARD FISHER (b. 1730, d. about 1785) Was born in Ireland, and is one of the small group of Irish mezzo- nteis He "first a hatter, but learning to scrape-probab y under his countryman, ^acArdell became sufficiently expero draw from Sir Joshua Reynolds the remark that he was in] didouslv exact " He produced between 1758 and 1781 about 70 portrait plates, one of his best known being Gamck between Tragedy and Comedy." 74-The Right Honble. Lady Elizabeth Lee^&c. ^^ p R A

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

The daughter o. I«.M£| - - g* JR*gS?M

Queen Charlotte; marned Sir William Lee, 4™ D<"

1811.

r. , o jl fl?„ (\7M\ Francis Cotes, R.A.

75— Paulus Sandby, Crc. (1763)

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [i\) Was born a. Nottingham .»S I 2£JS*FS£S£5£7 l^SJ^S.

was R.A., and died in London 1809.

76-George Lord Edgecumbe (1760^ ^^ REyN01DS| P.R.A.

State 6«/ow any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

. .22. .

#

m

.blirD bne g/BigablfiW aeaJnuoO l\

71 Countess Waldegrave and Child.

71 Countess Waldegrave and Child.

Her Daughter Lady

• ■

re Lord E6g

[Jul ' '^

i.

un

set:

.ybamoO has \\xi%siT naawlad jbrneD' K^

77 Garnck between Tragedy and Comedy.

77 Garrick between Tragedy and Comedy.

^

=(.:

£

Ml

111

B R

Jt

77 — [Garrick between Tragedy and Comedy] (1762)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

The great tragedian is smirking in indecision as he is drawn hither and thither by the geniuses of Tragedy and Comedy, who are contending for his possession (Nos. 51, 83, 109). The female figures may be portraits, but they have not been identified.

78— Hope Nursing Love (1771) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A,

Lettered State [Second State, C.S. [3])

This picture of maternity is believed to be a portrait of a Miss Morris, who died on the day the painting was first exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1769.

79— Lady Sarah Bunbury (1766) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

The daughter of 2nd Duke of Richmond, born 1745 ; a bridesmaid to Queen Charlotte ; married 1762 Sir Thomas C. Bunbury; divorced 1781 ; married same year the Hon. George Napier ; was mother of Sir Charles Napier, of the Indian Service, and Sir William Napier, general, and historian of the Peninsula War. She died 1826.

80— Elizabeth Keppel, &c. (1761) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (Second State, C.S. [5])

Was born 1739 ; 2nd daughter of Earl of Albemarle ; in 176 1 was a brides- maid of Queen Charlotte, in which character the artist painted her. She married in 1764 Francis, Marquis of Tavistock (No. 120), and died in 1768, about eighteen months after the accidental death of her husband. Her sons were the 5th and 6th Dukes of Bedford (see No. 104). She is decorating with wreaths of flowers a statue of Hymen.

JOHN FINLAYSON (b. 1 730, d. 1776) But few details of his life are known. He engraved about 30 portraits bearing dates between 1765 and 1773 ; many of these have merit. He was awarded premiums by the Society of Arts in 1764 for an enamel, and in 1773 for the mezzotint portrait of Lord Romney. His most beautiful plate is the refined and charming " Duchess of Argyle," after Caroline Read. He also engraved after Sir Joshua, and produced theatrical plates after Zoffany.

81— The Right Honble. Elizth. Lady Melbourne (1771)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before name of person (First State, C.S. [2])

Born 1753 ; only daughter of Sir Ralph Miibanke, of Halnaby, Co. York : married in 1769 Sir Peniston Lambe, who was made Lord Melbourne 1770. She died in 18 18. " The rise of the family was due to her brilliant qualities." Her son was premier (1834-41) at the accession of Queen Victoria. Her daughter was wife of Lord Palmerston.

82 — Miss Wynyard Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before name of person (Second State, C.S. [3])

The daughter of Lieut. -Gen. John Wynyard. Countess Delawarr was her sister.

83— Mr. Garrick in the Character of Kitely, &c. (1769)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (Second State, C.S. [4])

Garrick at the age of 52 as a rich city merchant extremely jealous of his wife, in the play " Every Man in his Humour" (No. 109 ; also Nos. 51, jj).

..23--

84 — La Signora [Anna] Zamperini in the Character of "Cecchina," &c. (1769) Nathaniel Hone, R.A.

State before Title (First Stale, C.S. [2])

She was a singer and dancer and made a sensation in this character. Walpole however in 1769 said " she had no voice."

85 — Elizabeth Dutchess of Hamilton & Brandon and Dutchess of Argyll (1770) Caroline Read

The second of the three " beautiful Miss Gunnings," daughters of John Gunning, of Co. Roscommon; born 1734; married 6th Duke of Hamilton 1752, and John Campbell, afterwards Duke of Argyll, in 1759. She was a lady of the bedchamber to Queen Caroline, and died 1790. Her elder sister Maria became Countess of Coventry.

(a) Before Letters State (First State, C.S. [3]) (b) First Title State (Second State, C.S. [3]) (c) Modern impression from original copper reworked (Third State, C.S. [3])

JOHN GOTTFRIED HAID b. 1730, d. 1776)

A member of a family of mezzotint engravers, was born at Wurtem- berg, and came to England on the invitation of John Boydell, who published his prints between 1764 and 1766, including a few portraits after Zoffany and Reynolds, and subject plates after Rembrandt. He died in Germany.

86— The Musician (1764) Antonio Amoroso

Stale before Title (not named, C.S. [i])

VALENTINE GREEN (b. 1739, d. 1813)

One of the most able and industrious mezzotint engravers, was born at Salford, near Evesham, in 1739. It is said he was for two years in the office of the Town Clerk of Evesham, and subsequently became a pupil of Robert Hancock, potter and mezzotint engraver, of Worcester. The year MacArdell died, 1765, Green arrived in London, where his work became popular and successful ; his first dated plate is 1767. In 1775 he was appointed engraver to the king. During his 40 working years he produced about 400 plates, after Reynolds, West, Hoppner, Romney, Abbott, Cotes, &c, many of which are characterised by delicacy of grounding and refinement of touch, rendering them liable to rapid deterioration. He became keeper of the British Institute, and died in London.

87— The Adoration of the Shepherds (1775) Murillo

Scratched Letters [First] Stale [2] Original painting now in The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, and formerly in the Houghton Gallery.

88 — Jane Countess of Harrington (1780)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P. R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Daughter and co-heir of Sir John Fleming, Bart., of Brampton Park ; married in 1779 3rd Earl of Harrington. Died in 1824.

89 — Agrippina surrounded by her children weeping over the Ashes of Germanicus (1774) Sir Benjamin West, P. R.A.

Scratched Letters [First] Stale [2] ..24..

85 The Duchess of Argyll.

B

IS >;

^

)u

/:

85 The Duchess of Argyll.

•

»f H it Brandon and Dutchess

ill

.OTTFRIE

adoration of

^n,

'

I

IB

u

^

IIJ

/:

ill

BF

5$

111

BR

nr 1^

un

£n,

R/

4

90— The Right Honourable Lady Talbot (1782)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Born 1754; the younger sister of Countess Salisbury (No. 91); married 1776 John C. Talbot, who was created Earl Talbot in 1784. She died 1804.

91 — Emily Mary Countess of Salisbury (1781)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Born in 1750; was 2nd daughter of 2nd Viscount Hillsborough; married 1773 to 7th Earl and 1st Marquis of Salisbury. She was a leader in society, and was burned to death in a fire which destroyed the west wing of Hatfield House in 1835.

92 — Sir Joshua Reynolds, Knight, President of the Royal Academy, &c. (1780) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (not named, C.S. [2]) Five States exist of

this plate.

Was born in 1723 at Plympton Earl's, Devonshire, his father, the Rev. Samuel Reynolds, being master of the Grammar School. Showed an early talent for portraiture ; studied under Thomas Hudson ; visited Italy through Commodore Keppel, and returning after three years soon became the leading and fashionable portrait painter of his time. He was intimately acquainted with Garrick, Goldsmith, and Johnson, and moved in the best literary and social circles, painting the portraits of many of their members. He had rivals in Romney, Hoppner, and Gainsborough, and was appointed first President of the Royal Academy on its foundation in 1768. His eyesight failed him about two years before his death in 1792. He was buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral.

93 — Georgiana Duchess of Devonshire (1780)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Eldest daughter of 1st Earl Spencer; born 1757; married 5th Duke of Devonshire in 1774 ; canvassed for C. J. Fox (No. 163) in the Westminster Election ; died 1806.

94— Prince Rupert (1775)

Scratched Letters State before Title (not named, C.S. [i]) It is doubtful if the identification is correct. (No. 3).

95 — Ann Vicountess Townsend (1780)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [3])

The youngest of the three daughters of William Montgomery, of Magbie Hall. Because of their grace and beauty they were called the " Irish Graces," and were grouped by Sir Joshua in a picture now in the National Gallery. She married in 1773 the 4th Viscount Townsend, who was created Marquis in 1786. She died in 18 19.

96— Lady Caroline Howard (1778) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Born 1 77 1, eldest daughter of 5th Earl of Carlisle; married 1789 John Campbell, who was created Lord Cawdor in 1796. She died 1848.

97— Mary Isabella Duchess of Rutland (1780)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters Slate before Title, brilliant (First State, C.S. [3])

Born in 1756; the youngest daughter of 4th Duke of Beaufort; married in 1775 Charles, 4th Duke of Rutland. She was beautiful, and a leader of fashion. She died in 1831.

..25..

6

1!»:

98— [Lady Henrietta Antonia Herbert]?0 778) )U Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before date 1779 (First State C.S. [2])

t I The daughter of the 1st Earl of Powis ; was born 1758 ; married 1784 to

Edward, 2nd Lord Clive, who, on the Powis estates being inherited by his ^ wife on the death of her brother in 1801. was created 3rd Earl of Powis in

1804. She died in 1830.

99— Miss Campbell (1778) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title and Date, 1779 (First State, C.S. [2])

B

•JT Daughter of Pryse Campbell, of Stacpole Court, Co. Pembroke ; married

1782 to Thomas Wodehouse. Barrister.

100 — A Philosopher showing an Experiment on the Air Pump

(1769) Joseph Wright. A.R.A. (of Derby)

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

The artist is said when in Italy to have seen Vesuvius in eruption by night, and was so impressed by the sight that fire and candle-light subjects became favourite themes. Green was thus afforded the opportunity of showing how mezzotint was capable of reproducing extremes of light and shadow. The same may also be said of Pether Earlom and Watson. The figures are probably portraits, the family of a Mr. Williams, of Derby, being suggested. Air is being admitted into a receiver, in which is a parrot that has fallen to the bottom in consequence of the exhaust of air. The original picture is in the National Gallery.

4j 101— Sir William Chambers, K.P.S., &c. (1780)

Sir Joshua Reynolds. P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Born at Stockholm 1726; son of a Scottish merchant; distinguished as an architect ; designed Somerset House. Died in 1 796 ; buried in Westminster Abbey.

102— Sir Thomas Wharton (1775) Sir Anthony Vandyck

Second Stale with Motto in Arms (Only State, C.S. [i])

Son of Philip, 3rd Baron Wharton, and father of Philip, 4th Baron, who took part in the Stuart conflicts, though he declined all public offices during the Commonwealth. The original painting was in the Houghton collection.

103— Venus and Cupid (1785) Agostino Carracci

Scratched Letters State with Title (Only Stat, C.S. [1])

104 — His Grace the Duke of Bedford, with his brothers Lord John Russell, Lord William Russell, and Miss Vernon

(1778) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Sons of the Marquis of Tavistock (No. 120) and Lady Elizabeth Keppel (No. 80). Francis, 5th Duke, was born 1765, and died unmarried 1802 (he is costumed as St. George). Lord John, who points with right hand to dragon, was born in 1766, succeeded as 6th Duke, and died 1839. Lord William, who is kneeling, was born in 1767, and was murdered by his valet in 1840. Miss Henrietta Vernon married in 1776 the 2nd Earl of Warwick, and died in 1838. (No. 245). j

105 — The Right Honble. Lady Louisa Manners, sister to the Earl of Dysart (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

jjjp Scratched Letters State before Title (First State. C.S. [3]) The Third State is

dated 1790.

The elder daughter of 3rd Earl of Dysart, sister to Lady Halliday (No. 108) ; born 1745 ; married in 1765 John Manners, M.P. for Newark. By the death of the last of her five brothers she became in 1S21 Countess of Dysart in her own right. She died in Surrey in 1840.

..36..

.qmiiS nA 9rlT 001

100 The Air Pump.

100 The Air Pump.

ir Pump

ord *• Ve?

I

\

E

l>:

4

B

1^

II

BF

llli

BR

iir

un

^>(

R/

.avBigableW aaibfi J arlT 0 1 J

10 The Ladies Waldegrave.

ur

R,

1 1 0 The Ladies Waldegrave.

; / -.il I Oil

IB

£2

DU

/

A

BF

u^

llf

Mir

R I

106— The Right Honble. Lady Betty Delme (1779)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letter State before Title (First State, C.S. [3]) The Third State is

dated 1790.

Was born 1747, the daughter of 4th Earl of Carlisle; married in 1769 Peter Delme, M. P. for Morpeth, who died 1789; in 1794 married Captain Charles Gamier, R.N. She died in 1813. She was known as " The Beauty of the Court of Queen Charlotte." The children are believed to be John, who died 1809, and Miss Delme, who died in 1794.

107— The Right Honble. Lady Elizabeth Compton (1781)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Eldest daughter of 7th Earl of Northampton ; was born 1 760 ; married in 1782 Lord George Cavendish, who was created Earl of Burlington in 1831. She died in 1835.

108 — The Right Honble. Lady Jane Halliday, sister to the Earl of Dysart (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First Stale, C.S. [2])

Youngest child of 3rd Earl of Dysart; married 1771 to John D. Halliday, of Kirkcudbright, and Leasowes, Shropshire; became a widow in 1794, and married George D. Ferry 1802, dying at Southampton the same year.

109— David Garrick, Esq. (1769) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Son of Captain Peter Garrick ; was born at Hereford 1 7 1 7 ; became a pupil of Samuel Johnson, whom he accompanied to London with the intention of studying law. Turned his attention to the stage, and performed at Ipswich in 1741 ; became the greatest actor of his time, and was conspicuous in Shakespearian drama. He wrote and adapted many pieces for the stage, and by his connection with it amassed a large fortune. He designed and carried out the Shakespeare Jubilee at Stratford-on-Avon in 1769. He married the famous dancer, Mademoiselle Yiegel, in 1749, and was buried with much pomp in Wbestminster Abbey in 1779. (Nos. 51, yj).

1 1 0 — Lady Elizabeth Laura, Lady Charlotte Maria, and Lady Anne Horatia, daughters to James late Earl of Walde- grave, Knight of the Garter (1781)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Engraved Title State (Second State, C.S. [4])

Laura, in centre (No. 71), born 1760 ; married her cousin 1782, who became 4th Earl in 1784 ; she died 18 16. Charlotte, on left, was born 1761 ; married 1784 George, Earl of Euston, who, subsequent to her death in 1808, succeeded as 4th Duke of Grafton. Anne was born 1762 ; married the Hon. Hugh Seymour Conway, whose father became the Marquess of Hertford in 1786. She died in 1801. The ladies were the nieces of Horace Walpole, for whom the picture was painted.

JOHN JACOBE (b. 1733, d. 1797)

Was born in Vienna in 1733, came to England to learn mezzotint engraving, produced plates in London in 1779-80, and returned to Vienna, where he died.

..37..

111— The Honble. Miss Monckton (1781) I j Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Engraved Title State (Second State, C.S. [2]) The First State is dated 1779.

Mary, youngest child of 1st Viscount Galway ; born 1746; married in 1786, 7th Earl of Cork, and died in 1840. She was a friend of Dr. Johnson ;

0 became known as a " blue stocking," her mother's house being the rendezvous

of persons of genius and talent. As Lady Cork she entertained many notables, including Byron, Scott, and Sheridan. She is possibly the " Lady Bellair "

3 of Beaconsfield's " Henrietta Temple."

112— Hebe (1780) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Engraved Title State (Second State, C.S. [2]) Daughter of the owner of the painting, Jeremiah Meyer, R.A.

113— [Edward Chamberlain] (1780) George Romney

111 State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [1])

An accomplished scholar; appointed joint secretary to the Treasury 1782, and ten days later threw himself from the window of a house through diffidence as to his ability to perform the duties of the office.

114— Lord George Germaine (1780) George Romney

Open Letters State with Title (First Stale, C.S. [2])

G. Sackville Germaine was born 17 16, 3rd son of Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke

of Dorset. Entered the army; in command of British against the French at

Minden 1759, and for neglecting to lead British cavalry in pursuit was

v\ dismissed from the service. Was M.P. 1741-1782, and Secretary of State for

the Colonies 1775-1782 ; in the latter year created Viscount Sackville, and died 1785.

Ill

BF

R

JAMES WATSON (b. circa 1 740, d. 1 790)

The brother of William Watson, portrait painter. Was born in Ireland, and probably learned the art of mezzotinting in London from his countryman MacArdell. He was much engaged by Reynolds to engrave his paintings, and mezzotinted most of the plates of portraits of mothers and their children after that great painter. His conscientious work found scope in interpreting portraits by Gainsborough, Cotes, and other contemporary artists. He died in /$ London.

^ 1 1 5 — Harry Woodward, Comoedus Anglicanus celeberrimus

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

if State before any Letters, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [2])

Born in Southwark 1717 ; played in comedy parts at Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and Dublin, impersonating Pistol, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, and unsurpassed as Mercutio and Bobadil ; died 1777.

1 1 5a— Lady Henrietta Mordaunt, &c. Sir Peter Lely

Slate before Letters (not named, C.S. [1])

She married in 1706 Alexander, Marquess of Huntley, who succeeded as 2nd Duke of Gordon in 17 16. She died 1760.

1 1 6— Barbara Countess of Coventry

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription, uncleaned edge (First Slate, C.S. [2])

Daughter of John, 10th Lord St. John of Bletso ; married 1764 George, 6th Earl of Coventry.

..28..

125 Mrs. Abington as "The Comic Muse."

3F

	.
Lord

.' wrt'. Comcediu Anglicanus celeberrimus

Barbara

!/ >im n< .lidA .?iM

nr

iif

K

1 1 7 — Elizabeth Dutchess of Buccleugh, and Lady Mary Scott

(1775) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State with publication line on mezzotint of plate (First State, C.S. [2]) One copy is known without any inscription.

Born 1743, only child of George, created Duke of Montagu; married 1767 the 3rd Duke of Buccleugh (No. 144). She died 1827. Her benevolence won her the name of " The Good Duchess." Lady Mary married 1791, the 3rd Earl of Courtown, and died 1823.

118— [Countess of Carlisle] (1773) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Inscription (First State, C.S. [2])

Margaret Caroline, born 1753, daughter of Granville, Viscount Trentham, and afterwards created Marquis of Stafford 1786; married 1770 Frederick, 5th Earl of Carlisle, and died 1824.

119 — Miss Fordyce Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Letters, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [2])

Sister of Alexander Fordyce, banker, and Dr. James Fordyce, Presbyterian minister in Monkwell Street, London. She became Mrs. Greenwood.

120— Marquis of Tavistock (1767) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State(before addition of Boydell Excut. I 767 ,)(not named,C.S. [3])

Francis, eldest son of 4th Duke of Bedford, born 1739. He was a nobleman of promise, of cultured intellect, and appreciative of the fine arts ; married the lovely Lady Keppel (No. 80) in 1764 ; died from hunting accident 1767. Had sons (No. 104).

121— Sir Jeffery Amherst, &c. (1766)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State, only one with Date (First State, C.S. [4])

Born in 17 17 ; entered the army ; rendered brilliant service in the conquest of Canada from the French; created Baron 1776, died 1797. The rapids of the River St. Lawrence are seen in the distance, with troops in boats.

122 — [Miss Greenway] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription (First State, C.S. [2]

Eliza, daughter of John Greenway, storekeeper at Portsmouth Dockyard ; married 1771 to the Hon. Francis Napier, son of the 5th Lord Napier.

123 — Jemima Countess Cornwallis (1771)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [2]) a Scratched Letters State, dated 20th April, 177 1 (Fi*st State, C.S. [2]) The third State is dated nth May, 1771.

Jemima Tulikens, daughter of James Jones, captain of the Guards ; married 1768 Charles, 2nd Earl Cornwallis, who was created Marquis in 1792. She died 1778.

124 — The Right Honourable Georgiana Lady Viscountess Spencer, and her Daughter, the Honble. Miss Georgiana Spencer Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription (First State, C.S. [2])

The daughter of Stephen Poyntz, born 1736; married 1755 John Spencer, who was created Earl Spencer in 1765. She died 1814. Her daughter was born 1757 and married the 5th Duke of Devonshire, dying in 1806.

125— Mrs. Abington (1769) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription (First State, C.S. [3]) Represented as the " Comic Muse " (No. 220).

. .29. .

4

iij

Bl

IK

llf

126 — Caroline Duchess of Marlborough, with Lady Caroline Spencer, her daughter (1768)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State, uncharted edge (First State, C.S. [2]) A similar plate by Houston is No. 66.

127 — Her Royal Highness Anne Dutchess of Cumberland (1773)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [3])

Eldest daughter of Simon Luttrell, born 1743 ; married the Duke in 1771 for second husband, which greatly displeased his brother, George III. She died 1803.

128— Miss Nelly O'Brien Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [2]) See No. 174.

129— Sr Joshua Reynolds (1770) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Letters, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S.) See No. 92.

130— [Mrs. Lascelles and Child] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription (First State, C.S. [2])

Anne, eldest daughter of William Chaloner, of Guisborough, Yorkshire ; married 1761 Edward Lascelles, who was created Earl of Harewood 18 12. She died 1805. The child is probably Frances (No. 134).

131— Lady Bingham (1775) Angelica Kauffman.

Lettered Slate with Title (Second State, C.S. [3]) The Third State has date 1770.

Margaret, daughter of James Smith, Canons Leigh, Devonshire ; married 1760 Sir Charles Bingham, who became Earl of Lucan 1795. She died 18 14. She was an amateur artist of some ability — her miniatures were extravagantly praised by Horace Walpole.

132— Miss Bosville (1775)

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [4]). State (Second State, C.S. [4])

Julia, 2nd daughter of Godfrey Bosville, of Gunthwaite, Yorks. ; married 1780 William Ward, who succeeded his half-brother as 3rd Viscount Dudley. She died 1833.

133 — [Lady Stanhope] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2]). An unfinished stale is in the British Museum.

Anne Hussey, daughter of Frances Blake Delaval ; married 1759 the Hon. Sir William Stanhope, son of 3rd Earl of Chesterfield. She subsequently married Captain Thomas Morris, a song writer, and died 181 1.

134 — Miss Lascelles Francis Cotes, R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Frances, born 1762, daughter of Edward Lascelles, afterwards Earl of Hare- wood 1812; married in 1784 the Hon. John Douglas, younger son of 14th Earl of Morton. She died 1817 (No. 130).

135— Lady Erskine Allan Ramsay

State before any Letters, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [4]) Janet, daughter of Peter Wedderburn, a Scottish Lord of Session ; sister of Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn and Lord Chancellor : married Lieut. -Gen. Sir Henry Erskine, Bart., and died 1797.

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

(a) Scratched Letters

.30.

136 — The Right Honble. Augustus Hervey, &c. (1773)

Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

Augustus John, born 1724 ; entered the Navy 1744, and served under Byng and Keppel (No. 211); married secretly in 1744 Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Chudleigh (a beautiful but weak-minded and illiterate woman, who carried on flirtations with George II., and being divorced married the Duke of Kingston and became his heiress) ; was M.P. 1757-1768 ; succeeded as Earl of Bristol in 1775, and died 1779.

WILLIAM PETHER (b. circa 1733, d. 1821)

Was a native of Carlisle, and became an engraver and miniaturist. He was a pupil and partner of Thomas Frye, and besides portraits excelled in translating the strong and deep shadows of the works of Rembrandt, and Wright, of Derby. He was cousin of Abraham Pether, the landscape painter, and died at Bristol in 1821.

138— A Jew Rabbi (1764) Rembrandt

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

139— [Drawing from the Gladiator] (1769)

Joseph Wright, A. R.A. (of Derby)

Scratched Letters Slate (First State, C.S. [2])

Jewitt names the persons as, to the right the painter, the others John Wilson, of the Devonshire Almshouse, Derby, and Burdett, the engraver. The figure represents " The Borghese Warrior," by Agasias (see cast 23, Sculpture Hall).

140— A Farrier's Shop (1771) Joseph Wright, A.R.A. (of Derby)

Unique State, before alteration of Date to Dec. 2nd (not named, C.S. [1])

141 — His Most Excellent Majesty George III., King of Great Britain, &c. (1762) Thomas Frye

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [2]) Companion to No. 43.

ROBERT DUNKARTON (b. 1744, d. circa 1816)

Was born in London, and a pupil of Pether. He practised first as a portrait painter, and from 1770-1811 produced about 50 large mezzotints. Subsequently he was engaged on five of Turner's " Liber Studiorum " plates.

142— Miss Horneck (1778) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Mary, daughter of Captain Horneck (No. 191.). The original painting was left to her by Sir Joshua at his death.

THOMAS BLACKMORE (b. circa 1740, d. circa 1780)

Believed to have been born in London, where he practised mezzo- tint engraving between 1769- 1771. But little is known of his life. He engraved plates after Reynolds, Vandyck, Hals, and other Flemish artists.

..31-.

J » '

" 143— Ann James (as a Madonna) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Inscription (First State, C.S. [2])

The daughter of Edward Goddard, of Hartham, Co. Wilts. ; married Admiral James, in the Indian Service, 1st Baronet. She was a friend of Laurence Sterne, who probably met Eliza of the " Sentimental Journey " at her /> house. She died 1798.

I

JOHN DIXON (b. about 1740, d. about 1780) Is one of the noted group of Irish mezzotinters. Was born in Ireland, and became a silver engraver in Dublin, arrived in London about 1765, and in about 10 years produced upwards of 40 plates after Reynolds, Hudson, Dance, Zoffany, &c, which are examples of good drawing and richness of tone, and so deeply scraped as to )U allow a large number of impressions to be taken before serious

depreciation of the copper. Notice the use of dry point in the fur and coat of the Duke of Leinster plate. He died at Kensington.

144 — Henry Duke of Buccleugh, &c. (1771)

Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

State before Title and Motto in Arms (First State, C.S. [2])

B| Born 1746; succeeded his grandfather in 1751 as 3rd Duke, and became

also Duke of Queensberry in 1810 ; married in 1767 Elizabeth, daughter of Duke of Montagu (No. 117) ; a friend of Dr. Adam Smith and Sir Walter Scott. He died in 1812.

\

BF

145— Mrs. Blake as "Juno " (1771) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State ninth full description and address after date (Third State, C.S. [3])

Annabella, 2nd daughter of the Rev. Sir W. Bunbury, Bart. ; born 1745. Her marriage with Patrick Blake, of Langham, Co. Suffolk, was dissolve 1 by Parliament in 1778. She subsequently married G. Boscawcn.

1 46 —William Duke of Leinster (1775) SirJoshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title (Second State, C.S. [3])

Born 1749; succeeded his father as 2nd Duke 1773 ; married 1775 and died in 1804.

147— Elizabeth Countess of Pembroke, and the Rt. Honble. George Lord Herbert (1771) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [3]) The date on jrd State is 1777.

Born 1737; 2nd daughter of 2nd Duke of Marlborough; married 1756, and died 1831. Her son became the nth Earl of Pembroke, and died

1S27.

148 — [Miss Davidson I Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

(Second State, C.S. [2])

Susanna Jane, daughter of James Davidson, merchant at Rotterdam. Died 1767, aged 20. Her parents arc said to have been overwhelmed with grief at her loss, and to have destroyed the plate and as many impressions as they could obtain.

149 — Her Grace Mary Dutchess of Ancaster and Kesteven

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [2]) Daughter of Thomas Pan ton, keeper of the king's running horses at Newmarket ; married 1750 3rd Duke of Ancaster ; was a leader of fashion, and Mistress of the Robes to Queen Charlotte ; was one of the commission to conduct Princess Charlotte to England, 1761 (No. 52). Died at Naples .793-

3

H 0

160 Flower Piece.

160 Flower Piece.

^

,*Mi'

1 50— [Elizabeth and Emma Crewe] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P. R.A.

Scratched Artists' Names State (First State, C.S. [5]) The 4th State has date 1782.

The daughters of John Crewe, M.P. for Cheshire. Elizabeth, on the right, married in 1766 Dr. Hinchliffe, Bishop of Peterborough, 1769- 1794. Emma died unmarried.

RICHARD EARLOM (b. 1743, d. 1822)

Was the son of the Parish Clerk of St. Sepulchre's, London, and in his early youth became a pupil of Cipriani. He scraped upwards of forty large portrait plates, but leaving the beaten track of por- traiture, is best known by his flower, fruit, and still life plates, in which he used etching, by which he obtained definition and detail. His " Liber Veritatis " of Claude Lorraine (1777) was the inspiration of Turner's " Liber Studiorum." He died in Clerkenwell. For note on light and shadow, see No. 100.

151 — The Shepherd Boy (1781) Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

Scratched Letters State

1 52— Rembrandt's Wife (1777) Rembrandt

Lettered State with Motto in Arms

153— The Blacksmith's Shop (1771)

Joseph Wright, A. R.A. (of Derby)

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2]) A farrier's shop in a ruined abbey. The original painting is in the possession of the Greg Family.

154— The Forge (1773) Joseph Wright, A.R.A. (of Derby)

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2]) Perhaps portraits of some of the painter's family.

155— Rubens' Wife (1782) Peter P. Rubens

Scratched Letters State before Motto in Arms (First State, C.S. [3]) (See No. ) Original painting was in the Houghton Collection.

156 — James MacArdel, Mezzotinto Scraper (1771)

James MacArdell

Scratched Letters State, uncleaned edge before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

On the left is the plate of " Time clipping the Wings of Love," No. 53. See note under James MacArdell, p. No. 19.

157— [Rubens' Wife and Boy] (1785) Sir Peter P. Rubens

158— [The Misers] (1770) Quentin Matsys

Scratched Letters State, before Title The original painting is at Windsor Castle.

159— Fruit Piece (1781) Jan van Huysum

Scratched Letters State, Motto in Arms. Original in the Houghton Collection.

160— Flower Piece (1778)

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, [2]) (a) Scratched Letters State with Motto. Second State. Originals in the Houghton Collection.

••33- ■

i.

161 — Landscape Hobbema

Proof

162— A Fruit Market (1775) Snyders

Lettered Stale. Original in the Houghton Collection.

JONES JOHN (b. circa 1745, d. 1797)

Was born about 1745, but probably did little engraving until 30 years of age. His son George became a R.A., and painted battle pieces. This engraver scraped about 30 plates after Reynolds, and about 20 after Romney, and in each case only three are portraits of ladies, which may suggest that his style was not considered sufficiently refined for the rendering of female features. His stronger manner found scope in portraits of men, of which he scraped upwards of 70. He also worked in stipple. The British Museum contains an almost complete collection of his plates.

163 — The Right Honourable Charles James Fox (1784)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Open Letters State (First State C.S. [2])

Third son of 1st Baron Holland ; born 1743 ; was a great Whig statesman and orator, the political rival of William Pitt, and by his outspokenness was often in opposition to the Crown. Conducted a remarkable election in Westminster in 1784. Died in 1806.

164 — [Fanny Kemblej (1786) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Stale before any Letters (not named, C.S. [1]) (a) State before any Letters (First Slate, C.S. [1]) This is a different mezzotint plate from the preceding In white dress.

Frances, the daughter of Roger Kemble, actor and manager, and younger sister of John Kemble and Mrs. Siddons. She joined the stage, but showed little of the histrionic genius of her family. She married Mr. T. Twiss, after having rejected the proposals of George Stevens, Shakespearean editor; and died in 1822.

165— Miss Kemble (1784) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered Slate (Only State, C.S. [i]) In black dress.

166— The Honble. Thos. Erskine (1786)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched J. filers State (First Stale, C.S. [4]) The dale on 2nd State is 1790.

Born at Edinburgh 1750; 3rd son of 10th Earl of Buchan ; studied law and became an eloquent advocate, was Lord Chancellor and became Baron Erskine 1806; died 1823.

167 — Ynyr Burges (1785) George Romney

Slate before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Born 1723; of East Ham. Co. Essex; for upwards of thirty years Pay- master of sailors' wages to the East India Company. Died 1792.

168 — Mr. Henderson (1783) Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

Scratched Letters Titlt Stale (Second Slate, C.S. [2])

John ; was the son of an Irish factor, and born in London 1747 ; appeared on the stage at Bath 1772, termed the " Bath Roscius " ; came to London 1777; considered second to Garrick (No. 109) in Shakespearean characters. Buried in Westminster Abbey 1785.

..34..

.sqejabfifiJ Idl

[61 Landscape.

161 Landscape.

Idl

g

^

/

)IJ

)ll

Bf

11 BR

llf

S3

BR

169 — [George James Cholmondeley, Esqr.j (1790)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (not named, C.S. [i])

Son of the Hon. and Rev. Robert Cholmondeley and Mary, sister of Peg Woffington ; born 1752, died 1830.

1 70— Signora [Giovanni] Baccelli Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

State with Title (Second State [3])

A dancer who appeared in London in 1779 and was very popular at the Pantheon ; she died in 1801, generally respected for her benevolence.

171 — The Honble. Mrs. Tollemache in the Character of Miranda

(1786) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Slate before Title (First State [3])

Anna Maria, eldest daughter of David Lewis, of Malvern Hall, Co. Warwick ; married 1773 the Hon. Wilbraham Tollemache, who became 5th Earl of Dysart 1799 ; she died 1804, aged 58 years.

Caliban bearing sticks is to her right and behind her Prospero is peering through the trees.

172— [Mrs. Davenport] (1784) George Romney

State with artists* names in Script (Only State, C.S. [1])

Probably Charlotte, born to Ralph Sneyd, of Keel, Co. Stafford, 1756 ; married about 1777 to Davies Davenport, of Capesthorne, Cheshire. Died 1829.

Also said to be portrait of Mrs. Davenport, an actress, who was born in 1759, the daughter of a Mr. Harvey, of Launceston, Cornwall. She first performed at Covent Garden (ten years after the date of print) as Mrs. Hardcastle in " She Stoops to Conquer." She was associated on the stage with Mrs. Siddons and John Kemble. She died 1843.

173 — James Boswell of Auchinleck, Esqr. (1786)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Open' Letter Title State (Second State, C.S. [3])

Born in Edinburgh 1740 ; the eldest son of a Scottish Judge, Lord Auchinleck ; studied at Edinburgh University ; read law with Adam Smith at Glasgow ; made acquaintance of Dr. Johnson (No. 212) in London in 1763 ; travelled in Corsica and other parts of the Continent ; toured with Johnson in the Hebrides in 1773 ; Recorder of Carlisle 1788-1790; died 1795. He is best known for his famous life of Johnson.

CHARLES PHILLIPS (b. 1737, d. after 1776)

He studied in London, was employed by Boydell, and also worked in stipple. His plates are dated between 1766 and 1776.

74— [Nelly O'Brien] (1770) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Verse (First State, C.S. [2])

A famous beauty in fashionable circles ; painted by Sir Joshua four times, and also engraved by Dixon. She died 1768 (No. 128). The original painting is in the Wallace Collection.

JOSEPH P. L. MARCHI (b. circa 1735, d. 1808)

Was born in Rome, and was brought to England in 1752 by Sir Joshua Reynolds, whose assistant he became. He only engraved about a dozen plates between 1767 and 1785, and they show him to have been a worthy interpreter of Reynolds. He died in London.

•-3S-.

%

175— Dr. Goldsmith (1770) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (Second State, C.S. [3])

Oliver, 2nd son of an Irish clergyman ; born 1728 at Pallas, Co. Longford ; entered Trinity College, Dublin ; studied medicine and travelled on the Continent ; adopted literature as a profession ; wrote " Vicar of Wakefield," " She Stoops to Conquer," " The Deserted Village," &c. Befriended by Johnson, and a prominent member of the literary circles of his time. Died 1774-

176— [Miss Vansittart] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Proof State, uncleaned edge (not named in C.S.) Believed to be a unique impression, no other copy in any state being known.

Emilia, daughter of Henry Vansittart, M.P. for Reading and Governor of Bengal. She married Edward Parry, of the Bengal Civil Service, and a Director of the East India Company. Her daughter married in 1807 John Thornton, in whose family the picture still remains. Her brother Nicholas was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 18 12 till he was created Lord Bexley 1823.

177 — The Honourable Miss Cholmondeley (1768)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Probably Hester Frances, sister of G. J. Cholmondeley (No. 169) ; married William Bellingham 1783, who was created Baronet in 1796. She died 1844.

179— George Colman (1773) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [3])

Born at Florence 1732, where his father was British Envoy; educated Westminster and Oxford ; called to the Bar in 1755 ; was a friend of Garrick, and wrote and adapted dramatic pieces, and was manager of the Haymarket Theatre. Died 1794.

THOMAS WATSON (b. 1743, d, 1781) Was born in London, became an engraver on silver plate, and worked in stipple and subsequently in mezzotint. He did excellent work, many of his plates being held in high esteem. He became asso- ciated with Dickinson, the engraver, in a print publishing business, and died at Bristol.

180— Lady Bamfylde (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (Second State, C.S. [3])

Catherine, eldest daughter of Sir John Moore, Bart. ; married 1776 Sir Charles Warwick Bamfylde, from whom she was separated many years. She died 1832. Her only son was created Lord Paltimore in 1831.

181— Strawberry Girl (1774) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [3])

Possibly a portrait of Theophila Palmer, a favourite niece of the painter. She married 1781 Robert L. Gwatkin, of Plymouth, and died 1848, aged 91 years.

182— Miss Kitty Dressing (1781) Joseph Wright, A.R.A. (of Derby)

Lettered Slate (Second Stale, C.S. [2]) The artist's Christian initial should not be R. The children are probably the same as in " The Air Pump " (No. 100).

183 — The Right Honble. Elizabeth Lady Melbourne & the Honble. Peniston Lambe (1775) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [1])

See No. 81. The boy is her eldest son; born 1773, M.P. for Herts., died before his father 1805.

..36..

.naibliHD bnfi luoAzuH \hsA c8l

185 Lady Rushoul and Children,

185 Lady Rushout and Children.

|

^

iolmondele\

h-tiMkI ) Inn iimuI-i/M vl>n. 1 I'M I

184 — Mrs. Crewe (1773) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title {Second State, C.S. [3])

Frances Anne, only daughter of Fulke Greville ; married 1766 John Crewe, of Crewe Hall, Cheshire, created Lord Crewe in 1806. She was a brilliant leader of fashion, taking no small share in politics on the side of Fox, Burke, and Sheridan. She died 1818. She had six brothers ; the one here repre- sented is probably William, who died 1837. She is represented as St. Genevieve. (No. 60.)

185— A Lady and her Children (1778)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [3])

Rebecca, daughter of Humphrey Bowles, of Wanstead, Essex ; married 1766 John Rushout, who was created Lord Northwick in 1797. She died 18 18. The children are Anne, died unmarried 1849; Harriet, married 1808 to Charles Cockerell (created a Baronet 1809), and died 1851 ; and John, born 1770, became 2nd Lord Northwick, dying in 1859, unmarried. He formed the Northwick Picture Gallery.

186 — John Paterson, Esquire (1777)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

Grandson of John Paterson, last Archbishop of Glasgow, and born 1705 ; a city solicitor, and Clerk to the Commissioners of House Tax 1772 ; carried out many improvements about London ; died 1789.

187 — Warren Hastings, Esqr. Governor-General of Bengal, &c.

(1777) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State with Title (First State, C.S. [1]). (a) The same State showing line of mask over engraved Title.

Born 1732, at Daylesford, Worcestershire ; entered the Indian Service l749i became Governor-General in 1772; impeached by Burke and his party on ground of corruption and cruelty in his Indian administration 1788 ; in 1795, after a trial of 145 days, was acquitted, but had to meet costs of ^70,000. Died 18 1 8.

1 88 — Princess Sophia Matilda, Daughter to their Royal High- nesses the Duke and Duchess of Glocester

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A

State before Title (not named, C.S. [1]). Four States are known.

Born 1773, died unmarried 1844. The writing is in the autograph of Horace Walpole.

189— F. Bartolozzi, R.A. Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A

Scratched Letters State before Title (First State, C.S. [2])

He was a native of Florence and born 1728 ; came to London 1764, soon coming into rivalry with Strange ; a foundation member of the Royal Academy ; enjoyed a great reputation as an engraver, mainly in the " red chalk manner," after the works of his friend Cipriani. He took charge of the National Academy, Lisbon, in 1802, and died there in 18:5.

WILLIAM DICKINSON (b. 1746, d. 1823)

Was born in London, and when 21 gained the Society of Arts' premium. His plates were almost entirely contemporary por- traiture after Reynolds, Romney, Pine, Peters, &c, and are excel- lent in drawing and brilliant, combining firmness with delicacy of finish, and richness of tone. He was also a publisher of prints, latterly in conjunction with the mezzotinter Thomas Watson. He died in Paris, where he had resided about a quarter of a century.

••37--

•

I

•

190— Lady Charles Spencer (1776) Sir Joshua Reynolds. P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [3])

Maria, daughter of Lord Vere, of Hanworth ; born 1743; married 1762 Lord Charles Spencer, 2nd son of 2nd Duke of Marlborough, a politician and M.P. for Oxfordshire. She died 1812. She was sister-in-law to Lady Diana Beauclerc, the amateur artist.

191— Mrs. Gwynne and Mrs. Bunbury (1780) D. Gardner.

Lettered State (First State, C.S. [2])

The daughters of Captain Horneck, in the characters of the " Merry Wives of Windsor." Windsor Castle in the distance. Mary, on the left, is the original Goldsmith's " Jessamy Bride," and married General Gwynne, Equerry to George III. ; died 1840, aged 87. She was a bedchamber woman to Queen Charlotte (No. 142).

Catherine, the elder sister, on the right, is immortalised by Goldsmith as " Little Comedy," and became the wife of Henry W. Bunbury the caricaturist; died 1799. (No. 222.)

192— Jane Dutchess of Gordon (1796)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [2]) Eldest daughter of Sir W. Maxwell, Bart. ; born 1748 ; married to 4th Duke of Gordon, 1767 ; celebrated for her beauty, sprightly wit, and captivating manners. She was an ardent supporter of Pitt and set her political charms against those of the Duchess of Devonshire for Fox. She died 1 81 2.

193— St. Cecilia (1776) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Title (First State, C.S. [3])

Elizabeth Ann, 2nd child and eldest daughter of Thomas Linley, musical composer, of Bath; born 1754; was popularly known as "The Maid of Bath " ; celebrated for her singing in oratorios and for her beauty and virtue. Married in 1773 Richard Brinsley Sheridan, dramatist and orator; died of consumption in 1792, and was buried with her sister,' Mrs. Tickell, in Wells Cathedral.

194— [Mrs. Pelham] (1775) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State with Publication Line on Mezzotint of Plate (First Stale, C.S. [2])

Sophia, daughter of George Aufrere, of Chelsea; married 1770 Charles A. Pelham, M.P. for Lincoln and Recorder of Great Grimsby, who was created Baron Yarborough, 1794. She died 1787.

195— Thomas Percy, S.T.P., Dean of Carlisle (1775)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [4]) Born in 1729 ; educated at Oxford ; published in 1765 " Reliques of Ancient English Poetry " ; Dean of Carlisle 1778; Bishop of Dromore in 1782, where he died in 181 1. He is pictured with the MSS. of the Reliques in his hand.

196— [Elizabeth Taylor] Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Script Letters State (Only State, C.S. [1])

The daughter of Philip Houghton, of Jamaica ; married John Taylor, F.R.S., of Lysson Hall, who was created Baronet, 1786.

197 — Diana Viscountess Crosbie (1779)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [3])

Daughter of Lord G. Sackville Germaine (No. 114); born 1756; married 1777 Viscount Crosbie, who succeeded in 1781 to the Earldom of Glandore. She died in 18 14.

..38--

.^udnu8 .2iM bns ^nnywO .iiM |p|

191 Mrs. Gwynne and Mrs, Bunbury.

■

191 Mrs. Gwynne and Mrs. Bunbury.

■

'

:arlisl<

•

1 iM MM

/.

I

II 4.

%

Bl

II

/>

BF

II

198— Sir Charles Hardy, &c. (1781) George Romney

State before Title, with traces of Burr (not named, C.S. [i])

Was born 17 16 ; entered the Navy 1731, and was second in command under Hawke at Brest and Quiberon Bay 1759 ; became admiral 1770, and died 1780.

199— Joseph Banks, Esqr. (1774) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters, uncleaned edge [not named, C.S. [2])

Was born 1743 ; inherited a large property when 18, which enabled him to devote himself to the study of natural history ; accompanied Captain Cook round the world 1768-1771 ; President of the Royal Society 1778-1820 ; baronet 1781 ; died 1820.

200— Thomas Lord Grantham, &c. (1783) George Romney

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

Thomas Robinson; born 1738; succeeded his father as 2nd Baron Grantham ; married 1780 Mary Jemima, daughter and co-heir of Philip, Earl of Hardwicke; Ambassador at Madrid 177 1-9; Foreign Secretary 1782-3 ; died 1786.

JOHN WATTS (b. , d. )

Was principally a publisher of prints, and scraped but few plates, which bear dates between 1770 and 1786. Very few details of his life are known.

200a— Joseph Baretti, Secretary for Foreign Correspondence to the Royal Academy (1780) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before Inscription, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [2])

Was born at Turin 1719 ; came to England 1750 and formed the friendship of Johnson and the Thrales, and taught Italian ; published several works ; died 1789.

JOHN DEAN (b. circa 1750, d. 1798)

An engraver of delicate manipulation, said to be a pupil of Valentine Green ; engraved portraits after Reynolds, Hoppner, Romney, Gainsborough, &c, and subject pictures after Morland and others. Many of his prints appear as though weak and worn, but on closer inspection show tasteful and delicate skill, and probably in conse- quence of this sensitive quality he was selected to engrave eight of the children subjects after Sir Joshua. He probably died in London.

201— Elizabeth Countess of Derby (1780) George Romney

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [i]) C.S. states Inscription is in skeleton letters.

Only daughter of the 6th Duke of Hamilton and the beautiful Elizabeth Gunning (No. 85); was born 1753; married 1774 to 12th Earl of Derby.

202— [Mrs. Hoppner] (1786) John Hoppner, R.A.

Scratched Letters State (Engraved) (not named, C.S. [1]) The Stale described by C.S. has title " Caroline de Litchfield" and marked as " engraved.'''' Phoebe, youngest daughter of Mrs. Patience Wright, of Pall Mall, celebrated for her portraits modelled in wax, for her social qualities, and her patriotic ardour ; who was married to the painter in 1782. (Nos. 202, 252.)

.•39-.

203— Lady Elizabeth Herbert and Son (1779)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (not named, C.S. [2]) C.S. says that First State is dated August 1st, 1778, the Second February 1st, 1779, whereas this State shows signs of alteration and is January isl, 1779.

Was born 1752; the eldest daughter of 2nd Earl of Egremont ; married in 1 77 1 to Henry Herbert, who in 1793 was created Earl of Carnarvon. She died in 1836. The boy is her 2nd son, Charles, born 1774, who was drowned in 1809 by the upsetting of a boat in the harbour of Dijon, Spain.

204— Infant Samuel (1777) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Skeleton Letters State, uncleaned edge

205— Cupid Asleep (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered State

206— Mercury (1777) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters S'ale before Title.

207— Girl holding a Bird Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State before Title

203— Miss Ann Parr (1778) George Romney

Scratched Letters State (First Slate, C.S. [2])

209— Mrs. Elliot (1779) Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

Scratched Letters Slate (First State, C.S. [2])

Grace Dalrymple, said to be the wife of Dr. John Elliot ; was mistress of the Prince of Wales and of the Duke of Orleans. She died in 1830.

210— James Thomas Paine (1780) George Romney

Scratched Letters Stale (First State, C.S. [2]) Probably a grandson of James Paine, the architect.

WILLIAM DOUGHTY (b.

d. 1782)

Was a native of York, and in 1775 was introduced by the Rev. W. Mason to Sir Joshua Reynolds, in whose house as a pupil he re- mained about four years. His work is very limited in quantity, nearly all being interpretive of portraits by Sir Joshua, and dated 1779. The following year he married, and left for India ; the vessel in which he sailed being captured by the Spanish Squadron, he was taken to Lisbon, where he died.

211 — The Honble. Augustus Keppel, Admiral of the Blue, &c.

(1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters Slate (First State, C.S. [2])

The 2nd son of 2nd Earl of Albemarle ; was born in 1725 ; he entered the navy and accompanied Anson on a voyage round the world in 1740 ; Admiral of the Fleet in 1778 ; court-marshalled for his conduct in operations off Brest in 1779 and acquitted ; created Viscount in 1782, and died in 1786.

.40.

212— Samuel Johnson, LL.D. Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (Second State, C.S. [5]) Was born at Lichfield, 1709, the son of a bookseller ; educated at Pembroke College, Oxford ; became usher at Market Bosworth Grammar School, and subsequently made literature his profession, publishing his " English Dictionary " in 1755. He was a friend and intimate of Goldsmith, Garrick, Richardson, Reynolds, Burke, and of most of the leading politicians and members of the literary and artistic circles of his time. He was a noted lexicographer and controversalist. Probably the finest biography in the English language is the "Life of Johnson," by James Boswell (No. 173). He died in 1784, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

213— The Revd. Willm. Mason, M.A. (1779)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2])

Was born in 1724 ; educated at St. John's, Cambridge ; entered the church 1754; was the friend and biographer of Thomas Gray; was the author of many poetical and dramatic pieces ; was a correspondent of Walpole and most of the eminent literary personages of his day ; composed church music and invented an instrument called "The Celestina." He introduced the engraver of this plate to Sir Joshua. Died 1797.

214— [Miss Mary Palmer] (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [3]) The Engraved Letters State is dated February 13th, 1779.

Born 1 75 1 ; the daughter of John Palmer, of Torrington, and niece of Sir Joshua, with whom she resided, and the bulk of whose property she inherited ; she married 1792 Murrough O'Bryen, Earl of Inchquin, created Marquis of Thomand in 1800, who died by a fall from his horse 1808 ; she died 1820.

JONATHAN SPILSBURY (b. circa 1750, d. after 1807)

Of his life but little is known. He is often confused with his older brother John who published some of the engravings. Jonathan mezzotinted about 50 plates during his 30 working years, and obtained the Society of Arts' premium for the plate of Miss Jacob. (No. 218.) He exhibited portraits at the Royal Academy.

215 — [Elizabeth Countess of Ancrum] (1770)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters, uncleaned edge (First State, C.S. [2]) Daughter of Chichester Fortescue, of Dromisken, Co. Louth; born 1745 ; married 1763 Baron Newbottle, who became 5th Marquis of Lothian in 1775. She died 1780.

216— A Dutch Lady (1769) Rembrandt

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [1])

217 — [Mrs. Richards] (1768) Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, only one known, C.S. [2]) Said to be the wife of the first violin at Drury Lane.

218— [Miss Jacob] (1762) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

It is uncertain who the lady is. The Society of Arts granted a premium for this engraving in 1761.

..41..

!■_

;!■

ISAAC JEHNER (b. 1750, d. after 1806)

Son of a German gunsmith who introduced silver plating into England, was born in Westminster. By a series of accidents he was dwarfed and deformed, was apprenticed to an engraver and for a time was an assistant to Wilham Pether. He painted portraits in oil, water colours, and crayons, and practised in Exeter, Plymouth, Bristol and London.

219 — William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, Marquis of Titch- field, son of His Grace the Duke of Portland (1777)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [2]). The Scratched Letters State is dated April 1st, the ordinary Lettered State May 1st.

Was born in 1768, succeeded as 4th Duke 1809, and died in 1854.

ELIZABETH JUDKINS (b. , d. after 1814)

Was sister-in-law and probably a pupil of James Watson and com- panion of his daughter Caroline, who was an artist in stipple and mixed engraving. Her productions, only numbering eight or nine, are well-drawn and possess great merit ; they were issued between 1770 and 1775.

220— Mrs. Abington (1772) Sir Joshua Reynolds. P.R.A.

Scratched Letters Slate (First State, C.S. [2])

Frances Barton was born in London in 1731, and was successively flower seller, street singer, domestic servant, and coopmaid ; appeared with success at Drury Lane when 24. Her Shakesperean roles were Portia, Beatrice, Olivia, and Ophelia, and she was the original representative of Lady Teazle. She is celebrated in comedy as Mrs. Siddons in tragedy. She married her music master, James Abington, and died in 1815. (No. 125.)

221

JOSIAH BOYDELL (b. 1752, d. 1817)

Was born near Hawarden. Flintshire. He early shewed a love for the fine arts, and was adopted by his uncle Alderman John Boydell, the print publisher, with whom he became partner and subsequently his successor. He practised'painting.and was a pupil of Earlomfor mezzotinting, and besides portraits scraped a few subject pictures. He died near Shepperton, Middlesex.

-Regnier Hansloe and Wife (1781) Rembrandt

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2]) A Mennonite preacher of Amsterdam, who was born in 1592. The original painting was done in 1641, and in the same year Rembrandt made an etching of the portrait.

JOHN YOUNG (b. 1755, d. 1825)

Was a pupil of J. Raphael Smith whom he succeeded as mezzotint engraver to the Prince of Wales. He mezzotinted about 20 plates after Hoppner, which are excellent for the rendering of the features. He died in London.

222— Mrs. Bunbury (1791)

Lettered Slate (Second Slate, C.S. [2])

See No. 191 ..42..

John Hoppner. R.A.

223— Lady Charlotte Greville (1796) John Hoppner, R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2])

Eldest daughter of 3rd Duke of Portland ; was born 1775 ; married to Charles Greville, of Wilberry, Co. Wilts., in 1793, and died 1862.

224 — The Right Honble. George Canning, Secretary of State for the Foreign Department (1808)

John Hoppner, R.A.

State with Title in Open Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Was the son of a barrister, and born 1770 ; educated at Christ Church, Oxford ; early showed great talent ; entered Parliament and took office in Pitt's administration, occupying many posts ; became Premier and Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1827 ; died same year.

THOMAS PARK (b. 1 759, d. 1835)

An antiquary and bibliographer of note, was brought up as an engraver ; he practised the art for but a few years, producing little work, and he finally abandoned it about 1797 for the study of litera- ture and antiquities. He had a unique knowledge of poetical literature and biography.

225— Miss Penelope Boothby (1789)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State with Open Letters Title (First State, C.S. [2])

On the monument by Sir Thomas Banks in Ashbourne Church is inscribed : " To Penelope, only child of Sir Brooke and Dame Susannah Boothby, born April 11, 1785, died March 13, 1791. She was in form and intellect most exquisite. The unfortunate parents ventured their all on this frail bark, and the wreck was total."

FRANCIS HAWARD (b. 1759, d, 1797)

Was a student at the Royal Academy, and became an Associate Engraver in 1783. He produced but little in mezzotint, and during his later years his work was almost entirely in stipple. He died in Lambeth.

226— Master Bunbury (1781) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (Publication Line is not shown) (First State, C.S. [3])

Henry Edward, son of Henry W. Bunbury, the caricaturist, and Catherine Horneck (Nos. 191, 222) ; was born 1778 ; succeeded his uncle as Baronet in 1820 ; was an historian and soldier, and conveyed to Napoleon sentence of deportation to St. Helena in 181 5. His 2nd wife was the daughter of Lady Napier (No. 79). He died i860.

GEORGE KEATING (b. 1 762, d. 1842)

Was born in Ireland. He studied under W. Dickinson and published his few plates in London between 1784 and 1797. He subsequently became a Roman Catholic bookseller and publisher.

227 — Boy reading Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State with Engraved Inscription, no Title. ..43..

I ,

CHARLES HOWARD HODGES (b. circa 1764, d. 1837) Engraved portraits after Reynolds, Romney, Stuart, &c, as well as subject pictures after old masters. He probably was a pupil of J. Raphael Smith, and was the instructor of S. W. Reynolds. In 1794 he settled in Amsterdam, where he painted and engraved portraits, the latter being noted for successful rendering of textures ; he died there in 1837.

228 — Countess Spencer (1785) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

Livinia, eldest daughter of Sir Charles Bingham; was born 1762 ; married George John Spencer 1781, and by his accession became Countess Spencer in 1788. She died 1831. Her husband reorganised and extended the Althorp Library, which in 1892 was secured as the nucleus of the Rylands Library, Manchester.

229— Guardian Angels Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters.

230 — [Thomas RaikesJ

Lettered State (Second Stale, C.S. [2])

George Romney

Was born 1777 (a nephew of Robert Raikes, who established Sunday Schools in Gloucester in 1780); was a London merchant and a Governor of the Bank of England ; a diarist and dandy, associating with Beau Brummell ; he died 1848.

George Romney

/

231— James Mingay, Esqr. (1791)

State before any Letters (First Slate, C.S. [3])

Was a K.C. for 22 years, a rival of Erskine (No. 166), Recorder of Aldborough ; died 181 1.

232 — The Infant Hercules Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State with Title in Open Letters.

233— M. -General James Stuart (1789) George Romney

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2]) Entering the Army, saw much active service from 1 758-1775, in the latter year joined the East India Company in Madras. Died 1793.

JOSEPH GROZER (b. circa 1755, d. circa 1799)

Of his life very little is known,. He mezzotinted plates between 1786 and 1797.

234— Master Braddyl (1786) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Slate before any Letters (not named, C.S. [i]) Believed to be Thomas, son of Wilson Braddyl, of Conishead Priory.

JOHN RAPHAEL SMITH (b. 1752. d. 1812) Was the son of a landscape painter of Derby, where he was born ; went up to London when 15, and practised portrait painting in oils and crayons. He took up mezzotinting, in which he greatly excelled, and produced upwards of 200 fine portrait and other plates after Reynolds, Romney, Peters, Gainsborough, and also after pictures from his own brush. He also created an extensive fine art pub- lishing business, in which he employed the services of Morland, the brothers Ward, J. M. W. Turner, Girtin, and others. He died at Doncaster.

..44..

.aauoH dsihfiD la abBnarnotS ariT £t£

255 The Promenade at Carlisle House.

255 The Promenade at Carlisle House.

nrdian Ancfls

as Raikesj

H GROZER r Brad

inMN DA

799)

lol 1 slgfllA ) h. *)Lu',ii)iiK)l'l sH I

i

B

A

BF

II

235— Sir Harbord Harbord, Bart., &c. (1783)

Thomas Gainsborough, R.A.

Scratched and Open Letters State (First State, C.S. [2]). The Second State is dated 1785.

Born 1734 ; married 1760 Mary, eldest daughter of Sir Ralph Asheton, Bart, created Baron Suffield 1786, and died 18 10.

236 — Mrs. Carnac (1778) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered State with Title (Third State, C.S. [5]) Elizabeth, only daughter of Thomas Rivett, of Derby, M.P. ; married John Carnac, Brigadier-General in the East India Company's service. She died in Bombay 1780, aged 28. The original painting is in the Wallace Collection.

237— Mrs. Musters (1779) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Sophia, one of the four daughters and co-heiresses of James M. Heywood, of Mariston, Co. Devon ; married in 1777 John Musters, of Colwich Hall, Notts. She was a society beauty in London.

238 — The Right Honble. Admiral Lord Viscount Duncan

(1800) H. P. Danloux.

Lettered State (Only State, C.S. [1])

Adam Duncan was born at Dundee 1731 ; entering the Navy, distinguished himself under Keppel (No. 211), and made Admiral 1787; defeated the Dutch Fleet under De Winter off Camperdown, and created Viscount 1797. Died 1804.

239— A Bachante (1784) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [3])

Emma Hart was born in humble life about 1761, and for a time was a house- maid near Chester. Her beauty and grace of figure made her a favourite sitter to artists, especially to Romney. In 1791 she married Sir William Hamilton, the British representative at Naples, and had great influence at the Court there. She was the mistress of Lord Nelson, a " legacy to his grateful country," which, however, repudiated it. She died in com- parative neglect near Calais in 18 15.

240— A Bacchante Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Slate before any Letters (not named, C.S.)

Engraved the reverse way to the preceding and slightly smaller. The engraver is not known, and this impression is probably unique. (No. 239.)

241— Miss Cumberland (1779) George Romney

Lettered State (Second State, C.S. [3])

Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Richard Cumberland, dramatist, and friend of Johnson and Garrick ; married in 1782 to Lord Edward Cavendish Bentinck ; she died in 1837, aged 77.

242— [Master Crewe as Henry VIII.] (1776)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Engraver's Touched Proof (not named, C.S. [4])

John, son of 1st Baron Crewe ; succeeded as 2nd Baron 1829 ; was a General in 1830. He died at Liege 1835. (No. 184.)

243— The Calling of Samuel (1783)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State with Title. ..45..

2£g

i

244 — John Gawler Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters Stale before Title (First Stale, C.S. [3])

Was a solicitor in London, afterwards of Burridge House, Co. Southampton. He married in 1760 Caroline, 2nd daughter of the 3rd Lord Bellenden, and died at Bath 1803.

245— [Henrietta Countess of Warwick] (1780) George Romney

Scratched Letters State with date $rd March, 1780 (not named, C.S. [1]) The Second State is dated May 12th, 17

Daughter of Richard Vernon and Evelyn, Countess of Upper Ossory ; married George, 2nd Earl of Warwick, and died 1838. (See No. 104.)

246 — Schoolboys giving Charity to a Blind Man. (1781)

W. R. Bigg, R.A.

Scratched Letters State (Only State, C.S. [1])

247 — A Lady and her Children relieving a Cottager (1782)

W. R. Bigg, R.A.

Scratched Letters Slate, and Open Letters Title (Only State, C.S. [1])

248 — Mrs. Stables and two daughters, Harriet and Maria (1781)

George Romney

Scratched Letters State, dated November 1st, 1781 (not named, C.S. [2]) Mrs. Frankau says this is the Third State, the Second being dated March 1st, 1781.

Wife and children of John Stables, one of the Supreme Council at Calcutta, who died 1796.

249 — Master Herbert — Bacchus (1776)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State — "Master Herbert" on mezzotint of plate (First State, C.S. [3])

250— Love in her eye sits playing (1778) William Peters, R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2]) Companion picture to Sylvia, by the same artist.

251— Mrs. Robinson (1781) George Romney

Lettered Stale (Second State, C.S. [2])

Mary Darby, daughter of a sea captain ; was born in Bristol in 1758, and was educated by Hannah More. When 15 she married an attorney named Robinson. She was actress, poetess, playwright, and novelist. She was a mistress of the Prince of Wales, afterwards George IV., and after the rupture with him formed an intimacy with Colonel Tarleton (No. 260). She was beautiful, and had a bewitching charm and grace, and was portrayed by Reynolds, Hoppner, Gainsborough, Zoflany, and Cosway. Neglected in her latter days, she died aged 42. The original painting is in the Wallace Collection.

252— IPhcebe Hoppnerj (1784) John Hoppner, R.A.

Margin cut off to print line (First Stale, C.S. [2])

(Nos. 202, 267). In a contemporary catalogue of the Royal Academy, 1784, when the portrait was exhibited, the name is given as Miss Bailey.

253— George Morland (1805) J. Raphael Smith

Script Letters State (Only State, C.S. [1])

He was born in the Haymarket in 1763, son of Henry Robert Morland, portrait painter ; in early life he showed his genius, also a taste for dissipation. He married the sister of W. and J. Ward, the engravers. He was a master of genre and animal painting, depicting scenes and incidents of lowly life in England, many of which were engraved during his lifetime by Smith and the Wards. He died 1804.

..46..

biadwcO bns biemjlIiM ^£

257 Milkmaid and Cowherd.

257 Milkmaid and Cowherd.

War

Blind Mi

ind tw< :ers, Harriet arte

hus

JliM

258 Mrs, Carwardine and Child.

iyinnnnn«niMWn

258 Mrs. Carwardine and Child.

Mid 'fiilviBwifiO .aiM 8<!S

254— Mrs. Payne Galway (1780) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (Second State, C.S. [3])

Philadelphia, daughter of Oliver de Lancey, of New York, who lost his property through the espousal of the English cause in the American Revo- lution. She married Stephen Payne, who assumed the name of Galway on coming into the estate of Tofts, Norfolk. She died in 1785, aged 27, leaving a son and a daughter. Charles (in the picture), born 1776, a youth of great promise, entered the army ; was burned to death when 19 through his candle setting fire to the bed after his return from a masquerade. The picture is known as " Pick-a-back."

255— The Promenade at Carlisle House (1781) J. R. Smith

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [2])

Carlisle House, in Soho Square, formerly the residence of the Howards, had been taken by Mrs. Cornelys, singer and ball manager, the daughter of an actor named Imer. From 1760- 1772 she gave subscription balls and masquerades, which became very fashionable. The establishment of the Pantheon was a great blow, and she became bankrupt 1772, and died in the Fleet in 1797. The original drawing, same size, is in the South Kensington Museum. The figures are probably portraits of notable fre- quenters, but their identity is uncertain.

256 — Lady Catherine Pelham Clinton (1782)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Open Letters State (First State, C.S. [3])

Born 1776, only daughter of Henry P. Clinton, styled Earl of Lincoln ; married 1800 William, Viscount Folkestone. She died 1804.

257— No. 9. Milkmaid and Cowherd (1798) George Morland

First and Open Letters State, the Second State has the Letters of Title filled in.

One of the 36 pictures exhibited by the engraver at his Morland Gallery.

258 — Mrs. Carwardine (1781) George Romney

Second Scratched Letters Stale (First State, C.S. [1])

Anne, wife of the Rev. Thomas Carwardine, of Earls Colne, Essex, where she died in 1817, aged 65. A third state was issued as " Mother and Child." The original painting was the first portrait by Romney after his return from Italy, where he had travelled in 1773 with Hayley, O. Humphrey, and her husband.

259 — Lady Caroline Montagu, daughter of His Grace the Duke of Buccleugh (1777) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Open Letters State (C.S. [2])

Born 1774, 3rd daughter of the 3rd Duke ; married 1803 Charles Douglas, Bart., who succeeded on the death of the 4th Duke of Qucensbury (Old Q.) to the title of Marquis and Earl of Queensbury, the other titles passing to the Duke of Buccleuch. (Nos. 117, 144).

260— Col. Tarleton (1782) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Mrs. Frankau names a State without any letters, and this copy differs from First State of C.S. by omission of Lt. before Col. Scratched Letters State (First Stale, C.S. [3])

Bannastre, 3rd son of John Tarleton, of Aigburth, Liverpool, born 1754. Served with distinction in the American War, and was M.P. for Liverpool in the Parliaments of 1790, 1802, and 1807. In 1818 he was created a Baronet, and died in 1833. (No. 251.)

..47..

I_

261 -Joseph Tayadaneega called the Brant, the great Captain of the Six Nations (1779) George Romney

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [i])

Joseph Brant (Thayadaneega was his Indian name) was born about 1742, a Mohawk of pure Indian blood ; was educated under English influences, and during the War of Independence attached himself to the British cause. He visited London in 1775 (receiving much attention, making the friendship of Boswell) (No. 173), and again in 1783. He translated into the Mohawk language the Book of Common Prayer and the Gospel of St. Mark, which were published in London in 1787. He died 1807.

262— The Honble. Mrs. Stanhope (1783)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [3])

Eliza Falconer, one of the beauties of the day ; married the Hon. Henry Fitzroy Stanhope, younger son of 2nd Earl of Harrington.

263— The Student (1777) Sir Joshua Reynolds, P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State, C.S. [4]) Third Stale has date Dec. 1, 1786

264— Three Rabbits (1807) George Morland

State before any Letters (not named, Mrs. Frankau [1]) Combined Aquatint and Mezzotint.

265-

W1LLIAM BARNARD (b. , d circa 1819)

Not many details of his life are known, his earliest work is dated 1798, and Chaloner Smith names 17 portraits.

-The Country Butcher (1810) George Morland

State before any Letters. There is much deep etching in the plate.

266-

J. R. SMITH, Jun. (b. circa 1770, d. 1849)

John Rubens was the son of J. Raphael Smith ; exhibited por- traits and other paintings in R.A., 1796-1811 ; in the latter year emigrated to America where he died in 1849. He worked in stipple, aquatint, and mezzotint, producing chiefly portraits.

-No. 9. Breaking the Ice (1798) George Morland

State with Title in Open Letters (probably First State)

WILLIAM WARD, A.R.A. (b. 1760, d. 1826)

Was born in London ; the ablest pupil and assistant of J. Raphael Smith ; married the sister of G. Morland, of whose work he scraped about 40 plates. His portraits are good, the qualities of mezzo- tinting being well expressed. He died in London.

267— Salad Girl (1783)

John Hoppner, R.A.

Lettered State, with date February 10th, 1785 (net named, C.S. [2]) (Nos. 202, 252)

268— The Snake in the Grass (1802)

Sir Joshua Reynolds. P.R.A.

Scratched Letters State (First State C.S. [2]) A Third State is dated 1803. Person represented is not known.

..48..

.eJiddfifl 33THT M£

264 Three Rabbits.

264 Three Rabbits.

11

nhope

.

n ms

QMMMaByiBMMaMBggMQMMMMB

:{

N

B

} 11 l!

.BlsIfovBlT C\S

275 Travellers.

275 Travellers.

/

II

.

269— James Earl of Malmesbury (1807)

Sir Thomas Lawrence, P.R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

James Harris, born 1746, diplomatist and Ambassador at Berlin and St. Petersburg, created Earl 1800, died 1820.

270 — Daughters of Sir Thomas Frankland, Bart. (1797)

John Hoppner, R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [4]) Sir Thomas, who was married in 1743 to Sarah, daughter of Judge Rhett, of South Carolina, had a large family ; the two represented are said to be Marianne and Amelia.

271— William Cobbett, Esqr., &c. (1812) J. Raphael Smith

State before any Letters, attributed to J. R. Smith and W. Ward, but does not correspond with any print in the British Museum, and is not recorded by Mrs. Frankau.

Born at Farnham, Surrey, 1762 ; was self taught ; served as a soldier ; prosecuted for libel 1797 ; an active journalist in 1801, and three years later he wrote in the Radical interest with directness and vigour; in 18 12 was under sentence of two years' imprisonment, seven years' sureties, and one thousand pounds fine to the King for writing and publishing about the flogging of English militiamen ; first M.P. for Oldham 1832 ; he wrote on grammar, economics, and other subjects; and died 1835.

272— The Birth of an Heir (1799) W. R. Bigg, R.A.

The only and Lettered State. Companion to No. 273.

273— Christening the Heir (1799) W. R. Bigg, R.A.

Lettered State, with Title Letters filled in [2].

274— A Vegetable Market (1803) James Ward, R.A.

Probably Engraver's Proof, Mrs. Frankau only names a Lettered State.

275— Travellers (1790) George Morland

One State, dated February, 1791, is recorded by Mrs. Frankau; this copy is an Unrecorded State, with Open Letters Title, and dated November 27th, 1790.

276— Cottagers (1790) George Morland

State with Open Letters Title, and Date, November 27 th, 1790. Mrs. Frankaii names a state without the Title and one with Letters of Title filled in ; the latter is dated February, 1791.

JAMES WARD, R.A. (b. 1769, d. 1859)

Was born in London, became the pupil of J. R. Smith, and later of his elder brother, William Ward. He excelled as the interpreter of Hoppner, and made plates after paintings by his brother-in-law, George Morland, with great success, but after a few years he aban- doned mezzotinting and became eminent as an animal painter. He was elected R.A. in 1811. He died at Cheshunt. During his lifetime he presented a large collection of his prints, including progress proofs and other states, to the British Museum.

277— [Mrs. Hibbert] John Hoppner, R.A.

Margins cut off (First State, C.S. [2]

The eldest daughter of Philip Fonnereau, and wife of George Herbert, who was born in Manchester 1757, a West India merchant and Alderman in London, and M.P. for Seaford 1806-12. He was a collector of books, prints, and drawings; he sold his library in 1829, the same occupying 42 days, and died 1837.

..49..

WMMMM

278 — [Mrs. Michael Angelo Taylor as Miranda]

John Hoppner, R.A.

Finished Engraver's Proof (not named, C.S.)

This plate is excessively rare, and is usually attributed to William Ward, and no copy with perfect inscription is known. The late Mr. Alfred Whitman, of the British Museum, has conclusively proved from a copy with the upper portion of the inscription remaining, that the inscription read I " Engraved by James Ward."

Frances Ann, daughter of Sir Harry Vane, ist Baronet. Her husband, a well-known politician, was one of the committee of management for the impeachment of Warren Hastings.

279 — Lieut. General Sir Robert Laurie, Bart., &c.

William Owen, R.A.

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

Of Maxwell town, 5 th Baronet ; died 1804. The baronetcy became extinct on the death of his son, 1848.

280— The Mother's Bribe (1801) James Ward. R.A.

Lettered State ; engraver's progress proofs are in the British Museum.

On a copy in the British Museum, Ward has written in pencil " The Temptation to be Washed." It is said that William Say commenced the plate and Ward completed it. The original picture was exhibited in 1808. The standing lady is Mrs. Morland.

281-

-[Portrait of the Engraver] (1835) John Jackson, R.A.

Touched Proof. Probably a private plate, which never had any lettering. On a print in the possession of Mrs. E. M. Ward, his granddaughter, in the autograph of the engraver is written in pencil 1 " Published by V. MacDonald, 7, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, June, 1835.

John Jackson married as his second wife Matilda Louisa, the eldest daughter of the engraver.

282-

-A Poultry Market (1803)

Lettered (Third) State.

James Ward, R.A.

283— The Centurion Cornelius (1800) Rembrandt

Lettered State. Four States are known later than Engraver's Proofs.

His granddaughter, Mrs. E. M. Ward, says he always regarded this as his best plate. The painting is also known as " The Unmerciful Servant."

284— The Clean Face Rewarded (1801) James Ward, R.A.

Lettered State : several engraver's progress proofs are in the British Museum. The lady seated in the chair is Mrs. George Morland.

285— Sir William Forbes, Bart., of Pitsligo, Edinburgh (1800)

Sir Joshua Reynolds, P. R.A.

Stale before any Letters (First State, C.S. [3])

Born 1739, 5th Baronet 1743, became an eminent banker; member of Johnson's literary club, and friend of Garrick and Burke ; died 1806.

JAMES WALKER (b. 1748, d. 1808)

Was the son of a captain in the merchant service, when fifteen became a pupil of Valentine Green, published prints between 1778- J7^3> going the following year to St. Petersburg as Court engraver, returned to England 1S02, and died in 1808.

..50..

.BbciB-iiM

278 Miranda.

278 Miranda.

■

^

i

/

k

286— Mr. Eyles Irwin (1780) George Romney

State before any Letters (First State, C.S. [2])

He was born in Calcutta in 1748, of Irish parents, held situations under the East India Service, and published in 1780 "Adventures in a Voyage up the Red Sea." He died 1817. The written title is in Walpole's autograph.

HENRY HUDSON (b. , d. )

Of the details of his life there are very few ; he worked between 1782-1793.

287— [John Henniker] George Romney

State before any Letters (not named, C.S. [1])

He was born in 1752 ; when 51 succeeded as 2nd Lord Henniker ; M.P. for Rutland and Stamford ; died 1821.

GEORGE CLINT, A.R.A.

Was born in London in 1770 ; was a house painter; learned mezzotint engraving from Edward Bell; became a successful portrait painter; he excelled in theatrical groups ; elected A.R.A. 1821, died 1854.

288— Miss Wilmot John Hoppner, R.A.

State before Title

289— The Right Honble. William Pitt, &c. (1806)

John Hoppner, R.A.

Open Letters State

Was born 1759, the 2nd son of 1st Earl of Chatham ; called to the Bar 1780 ; was Chancellor of the Exchequer 1782, and Prime Minister when 25, sup- porting the King and the Lords ; formed a coalition of Continental Powers against France 1793 ; introduced the Income Tax ; procured the Act of Union of Ireland and England 1 800 ; disappointed by the failure of much of his foreign policy ; his death in 1806 was caused through the Battle of Austerlitz, his last words being, " Oh, my country, how I leave my country ! " He was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Engraver not known.

290— Portrait of a Young Man Rembrandt

State before any Letters.

..$1.

E

Index of Engravers

No.

Beckett, Isaac 19, 20

Barnard, William 265

Blackmore, Thomas 143

Blooteling, Abraham 9-14

Boydell, Josiah 221

Clint, George 288, 289

Dean, John 201-210

Dickinson, William 190-200

Dixon, John 144-150

Doughty, William 211-214

Dunkarton, Robert 142

Earlom, Richard 1 51-162

Faber, John, jun 33, 34

Finlayson, John 81-85

Fisher, Edward . . 74-80

Frye, Thomas 41-44

Green, Valentine 87-1 10

Grozer, Joseph 234

Haid, John G 86

Haward, Francis 226

Hodges, Charles H 228-233

Houston, Richard 65-73

Hudson, Henry 287

Jacobs, John 1 1 1-1 14

Jehner, Isaac 219

Jones, John 163-173

Judkins, Elizabeth 220

Keating, George 227

Lumley, George 3/

No.

MacArdell, James 45-64

Marchi, Guiseppi 1 75-179

Miller, Andrew 38, 39

Park, Thomas 225

Pelham, Peter 35, 36

Pether, William 1 38-141

Phillips, Charles 174

Place, Francis 15

Rupert, Prince 2-4

Shenvin, William 16-18

Siegen, L. von 1

Simon, John 31, 32

Smith, John 21-26

Smith, J. Raphael 235-265

Smith, J. R., jun 266

Spilsbury, Jonathan .215-218

Sympson, J 40

Thomas, Jan 5, 6

Vaillant, Wallerant 7, 8

Walker, James 286

Ward, James 277-285

Ward, William 267-276

Watson, James 1 15-136

Watson, Thomas 180-189

Watts, J 200a

White, George 27-30

Young, J 222-224

Unknown n, 240, 271, 290

■5^-

Is

Index of Titles

No.

Abington, Mrs 125, 220

Achilles and Cupid 6

Adoration of the Shepherds. ... 87

Afternoon 69

Agrippina Weeping 89

Air Pump 100

Albemarle, Elizabeth, Duchess of 16

Amherst, Sir Jeffery 121

Ancaster, Mary, Duchess of . ... 52, 149 Ancrum, Elizabeth, Countess of . . 215 Andover, Mary, Viscountess of.. 33 Argyll, Elizabeth, Duchess of . . 85

Baccelli, Giovanna 170

Bacchus 249

Bachante 239, 240

Bamfylde, Lady 180

Banks, Joseph 199

Baretti, Joseph 200

Bartolozzi, F 189

Bastard, Mrs 50

Beatson, Miss 70

Bedford, Francis, Duke of 104

Bentinck, William H. C 219

Bingham, Lady 131

Birth of an Heir 272

Blacksmith's Shop 153

Blake, Mrs 145

Bolingbroke, Henry, Lord 28

Boothby, Penelope 225

Bosville, Miss 132

Boswell, James 173

Bouverie, Jacob 49

Boy reading 227

Boy spinning a top 45

Braddyl, Master 234

Brant, Joseph 261

Breaking the Ice 266

Bristol, Augustus, Earl of 136

Buccleugh, Elizabeth, Duchess of 117

Buccleugh, Henry, Duke of . . . . 144

Bunbury, Lady Sarah 79

Bunbury, Master 226

Bunbury, Mrs 142, 191, 222

Burges, Ynyr 167

Calling of Samuel 243

Campbell, Lady Mary 57

Campbell, Miss 99

Canning, George . . . ; 224

Carlisle, Margaret C, Countess of 118

Carnac, Mrs 236

Carwardine, Mrs 258

Catherine, Queen 14

Cawdor, Countess 96

Centurian Cornelius 283

Chamberlain, Edward 113

Chambers, Sir William 10 1

Charles II 18

Charlotte, Queen 43

No

Cholmondeley, G. J 169

Cholmondeley, Miss 177

Christening the Heir 273

Cibber, Mrs 31

Clean Face Rewarded 284

Cleveland, Barbara, Duchess of . . 17

Clinton, Lady Catherine Pelham 256

Cobbett, William 271

Coke, Viscountess 57

Colman, George 1 79

Compton, Lady Elizabeth 107

Cooper, Mrs. Priscilla 35

Cornwallis, Jemima, Countess of 123

Cottagers 276

Country Butcher 265

Coventry, Barbara, Countess of . . 116

Crewe, Emma and Elizabeth. ... 150

Crewe, Master 242

Crewe, Mrs 184

Crew, Nathaniel 15

Cromwell, Oliver 38, 40

Crosbie, Diana, Viscountess .... 197

Cumberland, Ann, Duchess of . . . . 127

Cumberland, Miss 241

Cupid Asleep 205

D'Avenant, Madam 26

Davenport, Mrs 172

Davidson, Miss 148

Day, Anne 58

Delme\ Lady Betty 106

Derby, Elizabeth, Countess of . . 201

Devonshire, Georgiana, Duchess of 93

Drawing from the Gladiator.... 139

Dryden, John 30

Duncan. Viscount 238

Dutch Lady 216

Dysart, Countess of 105

Edgecumbe, George, Lord 76

Elliot, Mrs 209

Erskine, Lady 135

Erskine, Thomas 166

Executioner, The 2, 3

Farrier's Shop 140

Feilding, Robert 19

Fenhoulet, Lady 58

Fenwick, Lady Mary 37

Flower Piece 160

Forbes, Sir William 285

Fordyce, Miss 119

Forge 154

Fox, Charles James 163

Frankland Daughters 270

Fruit Market 162

Fruit Piece 159

Frye, Thomas 42

53- •

Index of Titles — continued

No.

Galwey, Mrs. Payne 254

Garrick, David 51, 77, 8$, 109

Gawler, John 244

George III 141

Germaine, Lord George 114

Ghismonda weeping 61

Girl holding a Bird 207

Girl with Cup and Ball 46

Gladiator, Drawing from the. ... 139

Goldsmith, Oliver 175

Gordon, Jane, Duchess of 192

Grammont, Lady 62

Grantham, Thomas, Lord 200

Greenway, Miss 122

Greville, Lady Charlotte 223

Greville, Frances Ann 60

Greville, William 60

Guardian Angels 229

Gwynne, Mrs 191

Hackett, Mrs. Conwai 25

Halliday, Lady Jane 108

Hamilton, Elizabeth, Duchess of . . 85

Handel, G. F 39a

Hansloe, Regnier 221

Harbord, Sir Harbord 235

Hardy, Sir Charles 198

Harrington, Jane, Countess of . . . . 88

Hastings, Warren 187

Hebe 112

Henderson, John 168

Henniker, John 287

Herbert, George, Lord 147

Herbert, Lady 203

Herbert, Lady Henrietta A 98

Herbert, Master 249

Hercules, Infant 232

Hervey, Augustus 136

Hesse, Landgravine of 1

Hibbert, Mrs 277

Hinchingbrooke, Lord 21

Horneck, Mrs 142, 191

Hope nursing Love 78

Hoppner, Mrs 202, 252

Howard, Lady Caroline 96

Infant Hercules 232

Infant Samuel 204

Irwin, Eyles 285

Jacob, Miss 218

James, Ann 143

Jew Rabbi 138

Johnson, Samuel 212

Juno [45

Kemble, Fanny 164, 165

Keppel, Augustus 211

Keppel, Elizabeth 80

Kit Cat Club 16

No

Lady and her children 185

Lady and her children relieving a

Cottager 247

Lady, Bust of 4

Lady, Portrait of 44

Lambert, John 38

Landscape 161

Lascelles, Miss 134

Lascelles, Mrs 130

Laurie, Sir R 279

Lee, Lady Elizabeth 74

Leinster, William, Duke of 146

Leopold 1 5

Love in her eye sits playing 250

MacArdell,. James 156

Madonna 9, 143

Malmesbury, James, Earl of . . . . 269

Man, Portrait of a 41

Man with a Knife 71

Manners, Lady Louisa 105

Marlborough, Caroline, Duchess of

66, 126

Mason, Rev. W 213

Mather, Cotton 36

Melbourne, Elizabeth, Lady.. 81, 183

Mercury 206

Meyer, Miss 112

Milkmaid and Cowherd 257

Mingay, James 231

Miranda 171, 278

Misers 158

Miss Kitty dressing 182

Monckton, Miss 1 1 1

Monmouth, James, Duke of . ... 10, 11

Monoyer, Jean B 27

Montagu, Lady Caroline 259

Moray, Lady Christian 34

Mordaunt, Lady Henrietta 1 15a

Morland, George 253

Mother's Bribe 280

Musician, The 86

Musters, Mrs 237

Myddelton, Lady 63

Night 68

O'Brien, Nelly 128, 174

Oldfield, Mrs 32

Paine, James T 210

Palmer, Mary 214

Parr, Ann 208

Paterson, John 186

Payne Galwey, Mrs 254

Pelham, Mrs 194

Pelham Clinton, Lady Catherine 256 Pembroke, Elizabeth, Countess of 147

Percy, Thomas 195

Philosopher showing Air Pump. . 100

.54.

bi

Index of Titles — continued

No.

Pine, John 47

Pitt, William 289

Portland, William H., Duke of . . 219

Poultry Market 282

Powell, Harriett 65

Promenade at Carlisle House. ... 255

Rabbi, Jew 138

Rabbits, Three 264

Raikes, Thomas 230

Ranelagh, Countess of 24

Rembrandt's Wife 152

Reynolds, Sir Joshua 92, 129

Richards, Mrs 217

Robinson, Mrs 251

Rubens, P. P. , and Wife and Child 5 5

Ruben's Wife 155, 157

Rupert, Prince, 7, 94

Rushout, Lady 185

Russell, Lord John 104

Russell, Lord William 104

Rutland, Mary Isabella, Duchess of 97

Sackville, Viscount 114

St. Cecilia 193

Salad Girl 267

Salisbury, Emily Mary, Countess of 91

Samuel 204, 243

Sandby, Mrs 48

Sandby, Paul 75

Saunders, Charles 59

Schoolboys giving Charity 246

Scott, Lady Mary 117

Shepherd Boy 151

Sherard, Mrs 23

Sheridan, Mrs. R. B 193

Snake in the Grass 268

Sobieski, Princess 39

Sophia Matilda, Princess 188

Spencer, Lady Caroline 66, 126

Spencer, Lady Charles 190

Spencer, Georgiana, Lady 124

Spencer, Miss Georgiana 124

Spencer, Livinia, Countess 228

Stables, Mrs 248

Stanhope, Hon. Mrs 262

No.

Stanhope, Lady 133

Strawberry Girl 181

Stuart, General James 233

Stuart,?Lords John and Bernard 54

Student! 263

Symonds, Thomas 29

Syndics, The 67

Talbot, Lady 90

Tarleton, Col 260

Tavistock, Francis, Marquis of . . 120

Tayadaneega 261

Taylor, Elizabeth 196

Taylor, Mrs. M. Angelo 278

Three Rabbits 264

Time clipping the Wings of Love 53

Tollemache, Mrs 171

Tompion, Thomas 22

Townsend, Ann, Viscountess.... 95 Travellers 275

Vaillant, Mrs 8

Vansittart, Miss 176

Vegetable Cart 274

Venus and Cupid 103

Vernon, Miss Henrietta 104

Waldegrave, Ladies no

Waldegrave, Maria, Countess of 56, 71

Ward, James 281

Warwick, Henrietta, Countess of 245

Wharton, Sir Thomas 102

Wilmot, Miss 288

Wit, Cornelis de 13

Wit, Joan de 12

Woman plucking Fowl 72

Woodward, Harry 115

Wynyard, Miss 82

Yarborough, Mrs 20

Young Man 290

Zamperini, Signora 84

Taylor, Garnltt, I ~,ans, *'V- Lt>., Ltd. Manchester, Rtddtsh and London,

_

■HUMMMMINMnilMMMIiainr

•

I

WMMNVUWH

■' ■ "»"*""^ ^IIHSQNIAN IN!

LIBRARIESZSMITHSONIAN"J|NSTITUTION2NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IWS S3ldVdan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITU 2 r- z ^ •> Z r- Z

;-> ££ ^- p i*fc ^*/ £ Vassal ^t\ >

NOU I1SNI~NVIN0SH1IWSC/>S3 I dVd a n ~L I B R AR I ES^SMITHSONIAN^NSTITUTION NOIlfllllSNI NVINOSH1IWS S 3 I d V id Z Co 2 '•* =2 „ Z

co

%

to.

Z CO •'• Z CO

BRARIES SMITHSONIAN INS TION N0linillSNI_NVIN0SHllWS S3IMVM8n LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITU'

co ^-csr^ Z V [2 OT

[NouniiiSNi nvinoshiiws S3iavaan libraries Smithsonian institution NouniiiSNi nvinoshiiws S3iav*

> W$m ^ i_ loC 3ol •*» UK ^1 t zJ£...'«M6f C, VST

^s'/'sMITHSONIAN~INSTITUTION</)NOIinillSNrNVINOSHlllMS S3 I H VH a H~LI B R AR I ES^SMITHSONIAN

£ ... CO 2 CO Z CO Z .,. W Z

co \r^mtr co *£ S* co ///^W to V%\ co

to z co z co z co

NOIlfllllSNI NVINOSHIIWS S3ldVHan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfllllSNI NVINOSHIIWS S3ldV; p — co 5 co 5 ^^

j ^<^r\ j2 A\ .- uj /^5^x co x<£i°5x ^ .co s&22&\ ^ x5****r

LIBRARIES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION^NOIlfllllSNI^NVINOSHimS S3 I HV^ a IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTI

z i~ z •" v

CO

I N0linillSNrNVIN0SHllWSC/'s3 I d Vd 3 IT _LI B R AR ' Es SMITHSONIAN-|NSTITUTIONC/>NOIlfllllSNI NVINOSHIIWS S3 I HV) h z co z > ^ — z \

LIBRARIES^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTION NOIlfllIlSNl_ ; co — co z

?' O Xiiw^ix ^

X co O

NVINOSHIIWS^SS I d Vd 8 ITZLI B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN INSTI CO — CO =

z x _l Z _J z

N0llfllllSNrNVIN0SHlllAls'"s3iavaan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfllllSNI NVINOSHIIWS S3ldV

\

z o

Z CO — CO ± CO

IBRARIES SMITHSONIAN"lNSTlTUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSHIIWS S3ldVaan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITL

CO 2 CO Z CO Z-.-«J Z .>y

n

co

wm inin <;mi

^ ^ > ^^^ 5 \JjnoC/ j, 4jf-

U\ kzlo z to *Z CO

nvinoshiiiaic; siiMvaan libraries Smithsonian institution NouniiiSNi nvinoshiiws S3iav

\Oyocy

m

\IOIinillSNI~JNVINOSHllWS2S3 I d VH a l"l ""l I B R AR I ES^ SMITHSONIAN ^INSTITUTION ^NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHlllNS^

to = to — — u> — ">

IBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSH1IWS S3iyvyaiT LI B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN 1NJ w z » to z <"

X

to O

z ^ ■■>*' z to z to "" -2 CO

NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1MS S3IUVHan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI_NVINOSHllWS S3

CO = CO = CO

O n^o^/ f?' O

Z _j Z -J **- -■

LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSH1IIAIS S3iyvyail LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN IN:

2 r~ z '

30

>

to £ — u> \ ~z to — to

NoiiniusNi nvinoshims S3iavaan libraries Smithsonian institution NouniusNi nvinoshiiws s.

z v> z ... to z ,v. to z

LIBRARIES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSHlllAIS<"s3 I y Vy 3 11 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN_IN to ^ to — to — to

NOIinillSNl"JNVINOSHlllMSZS3iaVaan~JLIBRARIES:ZSMITHSONIAN"l|NSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSHIMS S] «- v z r- z f~ z C v F,

3?*. I

LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSHIMS S3iyvyail LI B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN IN

W =" • CO Z to Z '•» g> _^TT\ 5

CO

NOIinillSNI_NVINOSHllWS(/5S3iavyanZLIBRARIESC°SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI_NVINOSHlMS^S: z \ w „ ^ = to — <o

-I

LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVIN0SH1IIAIS S3iyvyail LI B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN ll\ z r- z r- .. . z g

to £ to X _ to

\IOIinillSNI NVINOSH1IIMS S3iyvyaiT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSH1IIMS S. z „ ^ to z -, to z

< /c^o^X 2 , < A\ ... /rtT^>v <

,/

•5 xi^/ > "-sir" ■" > n^iji^x 2 > "^ 2

co z to*z tokz to

IBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI NVINOSH1-IWS S3IMVyan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN IN

> z